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  Collapse and revival of the matter wave field of a Bose- Einstein condensate

Greiner, M., Mandel, O., Hänsch, T. W., & Bloch, I. (2002). Collapse and revival of the matter wave field of a Bose- Einstein condensate. Nature, 419(6902), 51-54. doi:10.1038/nature00968.

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 Urheber:
Greiner, Markus1, Autor           
Mandel, Olaf1, Autor           
Hänsch, T. W.1, Autor           
Bloch, Immanuel2, Autor           
Affiliations:
1Laser Spectroscopy, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Max Planck Society, ou_1445568              
2Quantum Many Body Systems, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Max Planck Society, ou_1445570              

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 Zusammenfassung: A Bose-Einstein condensate represents the most 'classical' form of a matter wave, just as an optical laser emits the most classical form of an electromagnetic wave. Nevertheless, the matter wave field has a quantized structure owing to the granularity of the discrete underlying atoms. Although such a field is usually assumed to be intrinsically stable (apart from incoherent loss processes), this is no longer true when the condensate is in a coherent superposition of different atom number states(1-6). For example, in a Bose-Einstein condensate confined by a three-dimensional optical lattice, each potential well can be prepared in a coherent superposition of different atom number states, with constant relative phases between neighbouring lattice sites. It is then natural to ask how the individual matter wave fields and their relative phases evolve. Here we use such a set-up to investigate these questions experimentally, observing that the matter wave field of the Bose-Einstein condensate undergoes a periodic series of collapses and revivals; this behaviour is directly demonstrated in the dynamical evolution of the multiple matter wave interference pattern. We attribute the oscillations to the quantized structure of the matter wave field and the collisions between individual atoms.

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Sprache(n): eng - English
 Datum: 2002-09-01
 Publikationsstatus: Erschienen
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 Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
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 Art der Begutachtung: Expertenbegutachtung
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Titel: Nature
  Alternativer Titel : Nature
Genre der Quelle: Zeitschrift
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Seiten: - Band / Heft: 419 (6902) Artikelnummer: - Start- / Endseite: 51 - 54 Identifikator: ISSN: 0028-0836