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  Control of membrane gaps by ​synaptotagmin-Ca2+ measured with a novel membrane distance ruler.

Lin, C. C., Seikowski, J., Perez-Lara, A., Jahn, R., Höbartner, C., & Walla, P. J. (2014). Control of membrane gaps by ​synaptotagmin-Ca2+ measured with a novel membrane distance ruler. Nature Communications, 5: 5859. doi:10.1038/ncomms6859.

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 Creators:
Lin, C. C.1, Author           
Seikowski, J.2, Author           
Perez-Lara, A.3, Author           
Jahn, R.3, Author           
Höbartner, C.2, Author           
Walla, P. J.1, Author           
Affiliations:
1Research Group of Biomolecular Spectroscopy and Single-Molecule Detection, MPI for biophysical chemistry, Max Planck Society, ou_578565              
2Research Group of Nucleic Acid Chemistry, MPI for Biophysical Chemistry, Max Planck Society, ou_578605              
3Department of Neurobiology, MPI for biophysical chemistry, Max Planck Society, ou_578595              

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 Abstract: Fast synchronous neurotransmitter release is triggered by calcium that activates ​synaptotagmin-1 (​syt-1), resulting in fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic membrane. ​Syt-1 possesses two Ca2+-binding C2 domains that tether membranes via interactions with anionic phospholipids. It is capable of crosslinking membranes and has recently been speculated to trigger fusion by decreasing the gap between them. As quantitative information on membrane gaps is key to understanding general cellular mechanisms, including the role of ​syt-1, we developed a fluorescence-lifetime based inter-membrane distance ruler using membrane-anchored DNAs of various lengths as calibration standards. Wild-type and mutant data provide evidence that full-length ​syt-1 indeed regulates membrane gaps: without Ca2+, ​syt-1 maintains membranes at distances of ~7–8 nm. Activation with 100 μM Ca2+ decreases the distance to ~5 nm by binding the C2 domains to opposing membranes, respectively. These values reveal that activated ​syt-1 adjusts membrane distances to the level that promotes SNARE complex assembly.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2014-12-15
 Publication Status: Published online
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 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6859
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Title: Nature Communications
Source Genre: Journal
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Pages: 7 Volume / Issue: 5 Sequence Number: 5859 Start / End Page: - Identifier: -