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  Ostrich eggshell bead diameter in the Holocene: regional variation with the spread of herding in eastern and southern Africa

Miller, J. M., & Sawchuk, E. A. (2019). Ostrich eggshell bead diameter in the Holocene: regional variation with the spread of herding in eastern and southern Africa. PLoS One, 14(11): 0225143, pp. 1-19. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0225143.

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 Urheber:
Miller, Jennifer M.1, Autor           
Sawchuk, Elizabeth A.1, Autor           
Affiliations:
1Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society, ou_2074312              

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Schlagwörter: Africa, Archaeology, Livestock, Holocene epoch, Culture, Sheep, Caves, Namibia
 Zusammenfassung: Despite their ubiquity in Holocene African archaeological assemblages, ostrich eggshell (OES) beads are rarely studied in detail. An exception is in southern Africa, where there is a proposed relationship between OES bead diameter and the arrival of herding ~2000 years before present. In 1987, Leon Jacobson first observed that beads from forager sites in Namibia tended to be smaller than those associated with herder sites. Studies examining bead size around the Western Cape have generally confirmed Jacobson’s findings, though the driving forces of the diameter change remain unknown. Since this time, diameter has become an informal way of distinguishing forager and herder assemblages in southern Africa, but no large-scale studies of OES bead variation have been undertaken. Here we present an expanded analysis of Holocene OES bead diameters from southern, and for the first time, eastern Africa. Results reveal distinct patterns in OES bead size over time, reflecting different local dynamics associated with the spread of herding. In southern Africa, OES diameters display low variability and smaller absolute size through time. While larger beads begin to appear <2000 years ago, most beads in our study remained smaller. In contrast, eastern African OES bead diameters are consistently larger over the last 10,000 years and show no appreciable size change with the introduction of herding. Notably, larger beads thought to be associated with herders in southern Africa fall within the range of eastern African beads, indicating a potential connection between these regions in the Late Holocene consistent with genetic findings. Regional differences in bead size are subtle, on the order of millimeters, yet offer a potentially important line of evidence for investigating the spread of herding in sub-Saharan Africa. In order to understand the meaning of these changes, we encourage additional studies of OES bead assemblages and urge researchers to report individual bead diameters, rather than averages by level.

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Sprache(n): eng - English
 Datum: 2019-11-27
 Publikationsstatus: Online veröffentlicht
 Seiten: 19
 Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
 Inhaltsverzeichnis: -
 Art der Begutachtung: Expertenbegutachtung
 Identifikatoren: DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225143
Anderer: shh2471
 Art des Abschluß: -

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Titel: PLoS One
Genre der Quelle: Zeitschrift
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Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science
Seiten: - Band / Heft: 14 (11) Artikelnummer: 0225143 Start- / Endseite: 1 - 19 Identifikator: ISSN: 1932-6203
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/1000000000277850