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  Analysis of structural brain asymmetries in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in 39 datasets

Postema, M., Hoogman, M., Ambrosino, S., Asherson, P., Banaschewski, T., Bandeira, C. E., et al. (2021). Analysis of structural brain asymmetries in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in 39 datasets. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. Advance online publication. doi:10.1111/jcpp.13396.

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Postema, Merel1, 2, 3, Author           
Hoogman, Martine4, 5, Author           
Ambrosino, Sara6, Author
Asherson, Philip7, Author
Banaschewski, Tobias8, Author
Bandeira, Cibele E.9, 10, Author
Baranov, Alexandr11, Author
Bau, Claiton H. D.9, 10, Author
Baumeister, Sarah8, Author
Baur-Streubel, Ramona12, Author
Bellgrove, Mark A.13, Author
Biederman, Joseph14, 15, Author
Bralten, Janita4, 5, Author
Brandeis, Daniel16, Author
Brem, Silvia16, Author
Buitelaar, Jan K.4, 17, Author
Busatto, Geraldo F.18, Author
Castellanos, Francisco X.19, 20, Author
Cercignani, Mara21, Author
Chaim-Avancini, Tiffany M.18, Author
Chantiluke, Kaylita C.7, AuthorChristakou, Anastasia7, 22, AuthorCoghill, David23, 24, AuthorConzelmann, Annette25, 26, AuthorCubillo, Ana I.7, AuthorCupertino, Renata B.9, 10, AuthorDe Zeeuw, Patrick6, AuthorDoyle, Alysa E.15, AuthorDurston, Sarah6, AuthorEarl, Eric A.27, AuthorEpstein, Jeffery N.28, 29, AuthorEthofer, Thomas30, AuthorFair, Damien A.27, AuthorFallgatter, Andreas J.25, 31, AuthorFaraone, Stephen V.32, AuthorFrodl, Thomas, AuthorGabel, Matt C., AuthorGogberashvili, Tinatin, AuthorGrevet, Eugenio H., AuthorHaavik, Jan, AuthorHarrison, Neil A., AuthorHartman, Catharina A., AuthorHeslenfeld, Dirk J., AuthorHoekstra, Pieter J., AuthorHohmann, Sarah, AuthorHøvik, Marie F., AuthorJernigan, Terry L., AuthorKardatzki, Bernd, AuthorKarkashadze, Georgii, AuthorKelly, Clare, AuthorKohls, Gregor, AuthorKonrad, Kerstin, AuthorKuntsi, Jonna, AuthorLazaro, Luisa, AuthorLera-Miguel, Sara, AuthorLesch, Klaus-Peter, AuthorLouza, Mario R., AuthorLundervold, Astri J., AuthorMalpas, Charles B., AuthorMattos, Paulo, AuthorMcCarthy, Hazel, AuthorNamazova-Baranova, Leyla, AuthorNicolau, Rosa, AuthorNigg, Joel T., AuthorNovotny, Stephanie E., AuthorOberwelland Weiss, Eileen , AuthorO'Gorman Tuura, Ruth L. , AuthorOosterlaan, Jaap, AuthorOranje, Bob, AuthorPaloyelis, Yannis, AuthorPauli, Paul, AuthorPicon, Felipe A., AuthorPlessen, Kerstin J., AuthorRamos-Quiroga, J. Antoni, AuthorReif, Andreas, AuthorReneman, Liesbeth, AuthorRosa, Pedro G. P., AuthorRubia, Katya, AuthorSchrantee, Anouk, AuthorSchweren, Lizanne J. S., AuthorSeitz, Jochen, AuthorShaw, Philip, AuthorSilk, Tim J., AuthorSkokauskas, Norbert, AuthorSoliva Vila, Juan Carlos , AuthorStevens, Michael C., AuthorSudre, Gustavo, AuthorTamm, Leanne, AuthorTovar-Moll, Fernanda, AuthorVan Erp, Theo G. M., AuthorVance, Alasdair, AuthorVilarroya, Oscar, AuthorVives-Gilabert, Yolanda, AuthorVon Polier, Georg G., AuthorWalitza, Susanne, AuthorYoncheva, Yuliya N., AuthorZanetti, Marcus V., AuthorZiegler, Georg C., AuthorGlahn, David C., AuthorJahanshad, Neda, AuthorMedland, Sarah E., AuthorENIGMA ADHD Working Group, Author              Thompson, Paul M., AuthorFisher, Simon E.2, Author           Franke, Barbara, AuthorFrancks, Clyde2, 3, Author            more..
Affiliations:
1International Max Planck Research School for Language Sciences, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, ou_1119545              
2Language and Genetics Department, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, ou_792549              
3Imaging Genomics, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, Wundtlaan 1, 6525 XD Nijmegen, NL, ou_2579692              
4Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, External Organizations, ou_55236              
5Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, ou_persistent22              
6University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht, The Netherlands, ou_persistent22              
7King’s College London, London, UK, ou_persistent22              
8Medical Faculty Mannheim/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, ou_persistent22              
9Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Proto Alegra, Brazil, ou_persistent22              
10Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Proto Alegra, Brazil, ou_persistent22              
11Russian Academy of Sciences , Moscow, Russia, ou_persistent22              
12University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany, ou_persistent22              
13Monash University, Melbourne, Australia, ou_persistent22              
14Clinical and Research Programs in Pediatric Psychopharmacology and Adult ADHD, Boston, MA, USA, ou_persistent22              
15 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, ou_persistent22              
16University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, ou_persistent22              
17Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry University Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, ou_persistent22              
18University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, ou_persistent22              
19NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA, ou_persistent22              
20Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA, ou_persistent22              
21Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK, ou_persistent22              
22University of Reading, Reading, UK, ou_persistent22              
23University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, ou_persistent22              
24Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia, ou_persistent22              
25University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, ou_persistent22              
26PFH – Private University of Applied Sciences, Göttingen, Germany, ou_persistent22              
27Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, OR, USA, ou_persistent22              
28Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA, ou_persistent22              
29University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA, ou_persistent22              
30Clinic for Psychiatry/Psychotherapy Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, ou_persistent22              
31University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, ou_persistent22              
32SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA, ou_persistent22              

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 Abstract: Objective: Some studies have suggested alterations of structural brain asymmetry in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but findings have been contradictory and based on small samples. Here we performed the largest-ever analysis of brain left-right asymmetry in ADHD, using 39 datasets of the ENIGMA consortium.
Methods: We analyzed asymmetry of subcortical and cerebral cortical structures in up to 1,933 people with ADHD and 1,829 unaffected controls. Asymmetry Indexes (AIs) were calculated per participant for each bilaterally paired measure, and linear mixed effects modelling was applied separately in children, adolescents, adults, and the total sample, to test exhaustively for potential associations of ADHD with structural brain asymmetries.
Results: There was no evidence for altered caudate nucleus asymmetry in ADHD, in contrast to prior literature. In children, there was less rightward asymmetry of the total hemispheric surface area compared to controls (t=2.1, P=0.04). Lower rightward asymmetry of medial orbitofrontal cortex surface area in ADHD (t=2.7, P=0.01) was similar to a recent finding for autism spectrum disorder. There were also some differences in cortical thickness asymmetry across age groups. In adults with ADHD, globus pallidus asymmetry was altered compared to those without ADHD. However, all effects were small (Cohen’s d from -0.18 to 0.18) and would not survive study-wide correction for multiple testing.
Conclusion: Prior studies of altered structural brain asymmetry in ADHD were likely under-powered to detect the small effects reported here. Altered structural asymmetry is unlikely to provide a useful biomarker for ADHD, but may provide neurobiological insights into the trait.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2021-012021-03-22
 Publication Status: Published online
 Pages: -
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 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13396
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Title: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. Advance online publication
Source Genre: Journal
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