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  Dopamine and opioid systems adaptation in alcoholism revisited: Convergent evidence from positron emission tomography and postmortem studies

Hansson, A., Gründer, G., Hirth, N., Noori, H., Spanagel, R., & Sommer, W. (2018). Dopamine and opioid systems adaptation in alcoholism revisited: Convergent evidence from positron emission tomography and postmortem studies. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Epub ahead. doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.09.010.

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Hansson, AC, Author
Gründer, G, Author
Hirth, N, Author
Noori, HR1, 2, Author           
Spanagel, R, Author
Sommer, WH, Author
Affiliations:
1Research Group Neuronal Convergence, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max Planck Society, ou_2528694              
2Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max Planck Society, Spemannstrasse 38, 72076 Tübingen, DE, ou_1497794              

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 Abstract: A major hypothesis in the addiction field suggests deficits in dopamine signaling during abstinence as a driving mechanism for the relapsing course of the disorder. Paradoxically, blockade of mu-opioid receptors (MORs) intended to suppress dopamine release and alcohol reward is a widely used treatment for preventing relapse in alcohol use disorder (AUD). To elucidate this apparent discrepancy, we systematically survey the literature on experimental studies in AUD subjects and animal models, which assessed striatal dopamine levels and D1, D2-like receptor, dopamine transporter and MOR via positron emission tomography (PET) and ex vivo receptor binding assays. The reported evidence indicates a changing dopaminergic signaling over time, which is associated with concomitant alterations in MOR, thus suggesting a highly dynamic regulation of the reward system during abstinence. Such a view can reconcile the various evidences from in vivo and postmortem studies, but makes developing an effective pharmacological intervention that specifically targets either dopamine receptors or the transporter system a daunting task.

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 Dates: 2018-09
 Publication Status: Published online
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 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.09.010
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Title: Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
Source Genre: Journal
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