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  Detecting single DNA molecule interactions with optical microcavities

Vollmer, F. (2015). Detecting single DNA molecule interactions with optical microcavities. In PLASMONICS: METALLIC NANOSTRUCTURES AND THEIR OPTICAL PROPERTIES XIII. 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA: SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING. doi:10.1117/12.2190649.

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 Urheber:
Vollmer, Frank1, Autor           
Affiliations:
1Vollmer Research Group, Research Groups, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Max Planck Society, ou_2364719              

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Schlagwörter: LABEL-FREE MICROCAVITYEngineering; Optics; Physics;
 Zusammenfassung: Detecting molecules and their interactions lies at the heart of all biosensor devices, which have important applications in health, environmental monitoring and biomedicine. Achieving biosensing capability at the single molecule level is, moreover, a particularly important goal since single molecule biosensors would not only operate at the ultimate detection limit by resolving individual molecular interactions, but they could also monitor biomolecular properties which are otherwise obscured in ensemble measurements. For example, a single molecule biosensor could resolve the fleeting interaction kinetics between a molecule and its receptor, with immediate applications in clinical diagnostics. We have now developed a label-five bio sensing platform that is capable of monitoring single DNA molecules and their interaction kinetics 11, hence achieving an unprecedented sensitivity in the optical domain, Figure 1. We resolve the specific contacts between complementary oligonucleotides, thereby detecting DNA strands with less than 2.4 kDa molecular weight. Furthermore we can discern strands with single nucleotide mismatches by monitoring their interaction kinetics. Our device utilizes small glass microspheres as optical transducers[1,2, 3], which are capable of increasing the number of interactions between a light beam and analyte molecules. A prism is used to couple the light beam into the microsphere. Ourr biosensing approach resolves the specific interaction kinetics between single DNA fragments. The optical transducer is assembled in a simple three-step protocol, and consists of a gold nanorod attached to a glass microsphere, where the surface of the nanorod is further modified with oligonucleotide receptors. The interaction kinetics of an oligonucleotide receptor with DNA fragments in the surrounding aqueous solution is monitored at the single molecule level[1]. The light remains confined inside the sphere where it is guided by total internal reflections along a circular optical path, similar to an acoustic wave guided along the wall of St. Paul's Cathedral. These so called whispering gallery modes (WGM) propagate with little loss, so that even a whisper can be heard on the other side of the gallery. In the optical case, the light beam can travel many thousand times around the inside of the microsphere before being scattered or absorbed, thereby making numerous interactions with an analyte molecule, bound to microsphere from surrounding sample solution. The most part of the light intensity, however, remains inside the microsphere, just below the reflecting glass surface, resulting in a relatively weak interaction between the light and the bound molecule. To enhance this interaction further, we attach tiny 42 nm x 12 nm gold nanorods to the glass surface. When passing a nanorod, the lightwave induces oscillations of conduction electrons, resulting in so called plasmon resonance. These nanorod plasmons greatly enhance the light intensity on the nanorod, so that the interaction of the light with a molecule attached to the nanorod is also enhanced[4-6]. This enhanced interaction results in an increase in sensitivity by more than a factor of one thousand, putting our experiments of single DNA molecule detection within reach. For the specific detection of nucleic acids, we attach single-stranded DNA to the nanorod and immerse our device in a liquid solution. When a matching, i.e. complementary DNA fragment binds from solution to the "bait" on the nanorod, the enhanced interaction with the light results in an observable shift of the WGM wavelength. Since light propagates in a WGM only for a very precise resonance wavelength or frequency, this shift can be detected with great accuracy [3]. On our current biosensor platform, we detect wavelength shifts with an accuracy of less than one femtometer, resulting in an extremely high sensitivity for biosensing, which we leverage for the specific detection of single 8 mer oligonucleotides as well as the detection of less than 1 kDa intercalating small molecules[1].

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Sprache(n): eng - English
 Datum: 2015
 Publikationsstatus: Online veröffentlicht
 Seiten: 2
 Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
 Inhaltsverzeichnis: -
 Art der Begutachtung: -
 Identifikatoren: ISI: 000365754300057
DOI: 10.1117/12.2190649
 Art des Abschluß: -

Veranstaltung

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Titel: SPIE Optics and Photonics Conference on Plasmonics - Metallic Nanostructures and their Optical Properties XIII
Veranstaltungsort: San Diego, CA
Start-/Enddatum: 2015-08-09 - 2015-08-13

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Projektinformation

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Titel: PLASMONICS: METALLIC NANOSTRUCTURES AND THEIR OPTICAL PROPERTIES XIII
  Alternativer Titel : PROC SPIE
Genre der Quelle: Konferenzband
 Urheber:
Affiliations:
Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA : SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
Seiten: SPIE Band / Heft: - Artikelnummer: 954721 Start- / Endseite: - Identifikator: ISSN: 0277-786X
ISBN: 978-1-62841-713-5

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Titel: Proceedings of SPIE
  Alternativer Titel : PROC SPIE
Genre der Quelle: Reihe
 Urheber:
Affiliations:
Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
Seiten: - Band / Heft: 9547 Artikelnummer: - Start- / Endseite: - Identifikator: ISSN: 0277-786X