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  How accumulated real life stress experience and cognitive speed interact on decision-making processes

Friedel, E., Sebold, M., Kuitunen-Paul, S., Nebe, S., Veer, I. M., Zimmermann, U. S., et al. (2017). How accumulated real life stress experience and cognitive speed interact on decision-making processes. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 11: 302. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00302.

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Friedel_Sebold_2017.pdf (Verlagsversion), 2MB
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 Urheber:
Friedel, Eva1, 2, Autor
Sebold, Miriam1, 3, Autor
Kuitunen-Paul, Sören4, Autor
Nebe, Stephan4, 5, Autor
Veer, Ilya M.1, Autor
Zimmermann, Ulrich S.4, Autor
Schlagenhauf, Florian1, 6, Autor           
Smolka, Michael N.4, 5, Autor
Rapp, Michael 3, Autor
Walter, Henrik1, 2, Autor
Heinz, Andreas1, 2, Autor
Affiliations:
1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Germany, ou_persistent22              
2Biomedical Innovation Academy, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany, ou_persistent22              
3Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Potsdam, Germany, ou_persistent22              
4Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TU Dresden, Germany, ou_persistent22              
5Neuroimaging Center, TU Dresden, Germany, ou_persistent22              
6Department Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, ou_634549              

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Schlagwörter: Chronic stress; Cognitive speed; Decision making; Model-based learning; Model-free learning; Real-life events
 Zusammenfassung: Rationale: Advances in neurocomputational modeling suggest that valuation systems for goal-directed (deliberative) on one side, and habitual (automatic) decision-making on the other side may rely on distinct computational strategies for reinforcement learning, namely model-free vs. model-based learning. As a key theoretical difference, the model-based system strongly demands cognitive functions to plan actions prospectively based on an internal cognitive model of the environment, whereas valuation in the model-free system relies on rather simple learning rules from operant conditioning to retrospectively associate actions with their outcomes and is thus cognitively less demanding. Acute stress reactivity is known to impair model-based but not model-free choice behavior, with higher working memory capacity protecting the model-based system from acute stress. However, it is not clear which impact accumulated real life stress has on model-free and model-based decision systems and how this influence interacts with cognitive abilities. Methods: We used a sequential decision-making task distinguishing relative contributions of both learning strategies to choice behavior, the Social Readjustment Rating Scale questionnaire to assess accumulated real life stress, and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test to test cognitive speed in 95 healthy subjects. Results: Individuals reporting high stress exposure who had low cognitive speed showed reduced model-based but increased model-free behavioral control. In contrast, subjects exposed to accumulated real life stress with high cognitive speed displayed increased model-based performance but reduced model-free control. Conclusion: These findings suggest that accumulated real life stress exposure can enhance reliance on cognitive speed for model-based computations, which may ultimately protect the model-based system from the detrimental influences of accumulated real life stress. The combination of accumulated real life stress exposure and slower information processing capacities, however, might favor model-free strategies. Thus, the valence and preference of either system strongly depends on stressful experiences and individual cognitive capacities.

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Sprache(n): eng - English
 Datum: 2017-02-272017-05-262017-06-08
 Publikationsstatus: Online veröffentlicht
 Seiten: -
 Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
 Inhaltsverzeichnis: -
 Art der Begutachtung: Expertenbegutachtung
 Identifikatoren: DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00302
PMC: PMC5462964
PMID: 28642696
 Art des Abschluß: -

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Projektname : -
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Förderprogramm : BIH Charité Clinician Scientist Program
Förderorganisation : Charite - University Medicine Berlin and the Berlin Institute of Health
Projektname : Lern- und Gewöhnungsprozesse als Prädiktoren für die Entwicklung und Aufrechterhaltung alkoholbezogener Störungen / FOR 1617
Grant ID : FR3572/1-1 ; WA 1539/7-1 ; HE2597/14-1 ; HE2597/14/-2 ; ZI1119/3-1 ; RA1047/2-1 ; RA1047/2-2
Förderprogramm : -
Förderorganisation : German Research Foundation (DFG)

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Titel: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
  Kurztitel : Front Hum Neurosci
Genre der Quelle: Zeitschrift
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Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: Lausanne, Switzerland : Frontiers Research Foundation
Seiten: - Band / Heft: 11 Artikelnummer: 302 Start- / Endseite: - Identifikator: ISSN: 1662-5161
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/1662-5161