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  Structural basis for chirality and directional motility of Plasmodium sporozoites

Kudryashev, M., Münter, S., Lemgruber, L., Montagna, G. N., Stahlberg, H., Matuschewski, K., et al. (2012). Structural basis for chirality and directional motility of Plasmodium sporozoites. Cellular Microbiology, 14(11), 1757-1768. doi:10.1111/j.1462-5822.2012.01836.x.

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 Creators:
Kudryashev, Misha1, 2, Author           
Münter, Sylvia1, Author
Lemgruber, Leandro1, Author
Montagna, Georgina N.3, Author           
Stahlberg, Henning2, Author
Matuschewski, Kai3, Author           
Meissner, Markus4, Author
Cyrklaff, Marek1, Author
Frischknecht, Friedrich1, Author
Affiliations:
1Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Heidelberg Medical School, Heidelberg, Germany, ou_persistent22              
2Center for Cellular Imaging and NanoAnalytics (C-CINA), Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland, ou_persistent22              
3Parasitology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Max Planck Society, ou_1664151              
4Welcome Trust and University of Glasgow, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, Office b‐613, Glasgow, UK, ou_persistent22              

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 Abstract: Plasmodium sporozoites can move at high speed for several tens of minutes, which is essential for the initial stage of a malaria infection. The crescent-shaped sporozoites move on 2D substrates preferably in the same direction on circular paths giving raise to helical paths in 3D matrices. Here we determined the structural basis that underlies this type of movement. Immature, non-motile sporozoites were found to lack the subpellicular network required for obtaining the crescent parasite shape. In vitro, parasites moving in the favoured direction move faster and more persistent than the few parasites that move in the opposite direction. Photobleaching experiments showed that sporozoites flip their ventral side up when switching the direction of migration. Cryo-electron tomography revealed a polarized arrangement of microtubules and polar rings towards the substrate in Plasmodium sporozoites, but not in the related parasite Toxoplasma gondii. As a consequence, secretory vesicles, which release proteins involved in adhesion, migration and invasion at the front end of the parasite, are delivered towards the substrate. The resulting chiral structure of the parasite appears to determine the unique directionality of movement and could explain how the sporozoite achieves rapid and sustained directional motility in the absence of external stimuli.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2012-06-282012-04-202012-07-032012-10-162012-11-01
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: 12
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Degree: -

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Title: Cellular Microbiology
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Malden, MA : Blackwell Science
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 14 (11) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 1757 - 1768 Identifier: ISSN: 1462-5814
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/959328105032