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  Altered structural connectivity of the left visual thalamus in developmental dyslexia

Müller-Axt, C., Anwander, A., & von Kriegstein, K. (2017). Altered structural connectivity of the left visual thalamus in developmental dyslexia. Current Biology, 27(23), 3692-3698. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.10.034.

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https://arxiv.org/pdf/1711.05517 (Preprint)
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 Creators:
Müller-Axt, Christa1, Author           
Anwander, Alfred2, Author           
von Kriegstein, Katharina1, 3, 4, Author           
Affiliations:
1Max Planck Research Group Neural Mechanisms of Human Communication, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, ou_634556              
2Department Neuropsychology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, ou_634551              
3Department of Psychology, Humboldt University Berlin, Germany, ou_persistent22              
4Department of Psychology, TU Dresden, Germany, ou_persistent22              

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Free keywords: Developmental dyslexia; Thalamus; Lateral geniculate nucleus; LGN; V1; V5/MT; Diffusion MRI; DTI; Tractography; Rapid automatized naming
 Abstract: Developmental dyslexia is a highly prevalent reading disorder affecting about 5%–10% of children. It is characterized by slow and/or inaccurate word recognition skills as well as by poor spelling and decoding abilities. Partly due to technical challenges with investigating subcortical sensory structures, current research on dyslexia in humans by and large focuses on the cerebral cortex. These studies found that dyslexia is typically associated with functional and structural alterations of a distributed left-hemispheric cerebral cortex network. However, findings from animal models and post mortem studies in humans suggest that dyslexia might also be associated with structural alterations in subcortical sensory pathways. Whether these alterations also exist in dyslexia in vivo and how they relate to dyslexia symptoms is currently unknown. Here, we used ultra-high-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion MRI, and probabilistic tractography to investigate the structural connections of the visual sensory pathway in dyslexia in vivo. We discovered that individuals with dyslexia have reduced structural connections in the direct pathway between the left visual thalamus (lateral geniculate nucleus [LGN]) and left middle temporal area V5/MT, but not between the left LGN and left primary visual cortex. In addition, left V5/MT-LGN connectivity strength correlated with rapid naming abilities—a key deficit in dyslexia. These findings provide the first evidence of specific structural alterations in the connections between the sensory thalamus and cortex in developmental dyslexia. The results challenge current standard models and provide novel evidence for the importance of cortico-thalamic interactions in explaining dyslexia.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2017-09-132017-03-012017-10-112017-11-162017-12-04
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.10.034
PMID: 9153326
Other: Epub 2017
 Degree: -

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Project name : -
Grant ID : -
Funding program : Max Planck Research Group Grant
Funding organization : Max Planck Society
Project name : The tiny and the fast: The role of subcortical sensory structures in human communication / BRAINTRAIN
Grant ID : 647051
Funding program : Horizon 2020
Funding organization : European Commission (EC)

Source 1

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Title: Current Biology
  Other : Curr. Biol.
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: London, UK : Cell Press
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 27 (23) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 3692 - 3698 Identifier: ISSN: 0960-9822
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925579107