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Carbon nitrides; Energy transfer; Flow chemistry; Photocatalysis; Radical chemistry
Abstract:
Carbon nitrides encompass a class of transition metal free materials possessing numerous advantages such as low cost (few € per gram), high chemical stability, broad tunability of redox potentials and optical bandgap, recyclability, and a high absorption coefficient (>105 cm-1) – which make them highly attractive for application in photoredox catalysis. In this review, we classify carbon nitrides based on their unique properties, structure and redox potentials. We summarize recently emerged concepts in heterogeneous carbon nitride photocatalysis, with an emphasis on synthesis of organic compounds: 1) Illumination-Driven Electron Accumulation in Semiconductors and Exploitation (IDEASE); 2) singlet-triplet intersystem crossing in carbon nitride excited states and related energy transfer; 3) architectures of flow photoreactors; and 4) dual metal/carbon nitride photocatalysis. The objective of this review is to provide a detailed overview regarding innovative research in carbon nitride photocatalysis focusing on these topics.
