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  Lifting the veil on the dynamics of neuronal activities evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation

Li, B., Virtanen, J., Oeltermann, A., Schwarz, C., Giese, M., Ziemann, U., et al. (2017). Lifting the veil on the dynamics of neuronal activities evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation. eLife, 2017(6), 1-22. doi:10.7554/eLife.30552.

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Li, B, Author
Virtanen, JP, Author
Oeltermann, A1, 2, Author           
Schwarz, C, Author
Giese, MA, Author           
Ziemann, U, Author
Benali, A, Author           
Affiliations:
1Department Physiology of Cognitive Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max Planck Society, ou_1497798              
2Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max Planck Society, ou_1497794              

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 Abstract: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a widely used non-invasive tool to study and modulate human brain functions. However, TMS-evoked activity of individual neurons has remained largely inaccessible due to the large TMS-induced electromagnetic fields. Here we present a general method providing direct in vivo electrophysiological access to TMS-evoked neuronal activity 0.8-1 ms after TMS onset. We translated human single-pulse TMS to rodents and unveiled time-grained evoked activities of motor cortex layer V neurons that show high-frequency spiking within the first 6 ms depending on TMS-induced current orientation and a multiphasic spike-rhythm alternating between excitation and inhibition in the 6-300 ms epoch, all of which can be linked to various human TMS responses recorded at the level of spinal cord and muscles. The advance here facilitates a new level of insight into the TMS-brain interaction that is vital for developing this non-invasive tool to purposefully explore and effectively treat the human brain.

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 Dates: 2017-12
 Publication Status: Published online
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 Identifiers: DOI: 10.7554/eLife.30552
eDoc: e30552
BibTex Citekey: LiVOSGZB2017_2
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Title: eLife
Source Genre: Journal
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Pages: - Volume / Issue: 2017 (6) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 1 - 22 Identifier: -