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  Orang-utans rely on orientation cues and egocentric rules when judging others' perspectives in a competitive food task

Gretscher, H., Haun, D. B. M., Liebal, K., & Kaminski, J. (2012). Orang-utans rely on orientation cues and egocentric rules when judging others' perspectives in a competitive food task. Animal Behaviour, 84, 323-331. doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.04.021.

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 Urheber:
Gretscher, Heinz1, Autor
Haun, Daniel B. M.2, Autor           
Liebal, Katja3, Autor
Kaminski, Juliane1, Autor
Affiliations:
1Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany, ou_persistent22              
2Comparative Cognitive Anthropology, MPI for Psycholinguistics, Max Planck Society, ou_55209              
3Cluster Languages of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, German, ou_persistent22              

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 Zusammenfassung: Adopting the paradigm of a study conducted with chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes (Melis et al. 2006, Journal of Comparative Psychology, 120, 154–162), we investigated orang-utans', Pongo pygmaeus, understanding of others' visual perspectives. More specifically, we examined whether orang-utans would adjust their behaviour in a way that prevents a human competitor from seeing them steal a piece of food. In the task, subjects had to reach through one of two opposing Plexiglas tunnels in order to retrieve a food reward. Both rewards were also physically accessible to a human competitor sitting opposite the subject. Subjects always had the possibility of reaching one piece of food that was outside the human's line of sight. This was because either the human was oriented to one, but not the other, reward or because one tunnel was covered by an opaque barrier and the other remained transparent. In the situation in which the human was oriented towards one reward, the orang-utans successfully avoided the tunnel that the competitor was facing. If one tunnel was covered, they marginally preferred to reach through the opaque versus the transparent tunnel. However, they did so frequently after initially inspecting the transparent tunnel (then switching to the opaque one). Considering only the subjects' initial inspections, they chose randomly between the opaque and transparent tunnel, indicating that their final decision to reach was probably driven by a more egocentric behavioural rule. Overall the results suggest that orang-utans have a limited understanding of others' perspectives, relying mainly on cues from facial and bodily orientation and egocentric rules when making such judgements.

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Sprache(n): eng - English
 Datum: 20122012
 Publikationsstatus: Erschienen
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 Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
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 Art der Begutachtung: Expertenbegutachtung
 Identifikatoren: DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.04.021
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Titel: Animal Behaviour
Genre der Quelle: Zeitschrift
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Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: London : Academic Press
Seiten: - Band / Heft: 84 Artikelnummer: - Start- / Endseite: 323 - 331 Identifikator: ISSN: 0003-3472
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/110985822458702