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  Characterization of the residues involved in the human alpha- thrombin-haemadin complex: An exosite II-binding inhibitor

Richardson, J. L., Fuentes-Prior, P., Sadler, J. E., Huber, R., & Bode, W. (2002). Characterization of the residues involved in the human alpha- thrombin-haemadin complex: An exosite II-binding inhibitor. Biochemistry, 41(8), 2535-2542.

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Genre: Zeitschriftenartikel
Alternativer Titel : Biochemistry

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Richardson, J. L.1, Autor           
Fuentes-Prior, P.2, Autor           
Sadler, J. E., Autor
Huber, R.2, Autor           
Bode, W.2, 3, 4, Autor           
Affiliations:
1External Organizations, ou_persistent22              
2Huber, Robert / Structure Research, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Max Planck Society, ou_1565155              
3Fässler, Reinhard / Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Max Planck Society, ou_1565147              
4Conti, Elena / Structural Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Max Planck Society, ou_1565144              

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 Zusammenfassung: Haemadin is a 57-amino acid thrombin inhibitor from the land- living leech Haemadipsa sylvestris, whose structure has recently been determined in complex with human alpha-thrombin. Here we communicate the effect of ionic strength on the kinetics of the inhibition of human alpha-thrombin by haemadin, by using thrombin mutants modified in exosite II. Data analysis has allowed both the ionic and nonionic binding contributions to be ascertained, with the nonionic component being virtually the same for all of the thrombins that have been examined, while the ionic binding energy contributions varied from molecule to molecule. In the case of the native human alpha- thrombin-haemadin complex, ionic interactions contribute -17 kJ/mol to the Gibbs free energy of binding, this being the equivalent of up to six salt bridges. These salt bridges make up 20% of the total binding energy at zero ionic strength, and this has been attributed to the C-terminal tail alone. In addition, the contributions of the N-terminal and C-terminal regions of haemadin to its tight binding have been ascertained by using derivatives of both haemadin and thrombin. Limited proteolysis using formic acid produced haemadin cleaved between residues 40 and 41, removing the majority of the C-terminal tail. This truncated haemadin displayed a 20000-fold reduced affinity for thrombin, and was no longer a tight binding inhibitor. A form of thrombin in which the active site serine has been blocked by diisopropyl fluorophosphate binds to haemadin, but with a 72000-fold reduced affinity, indicating that the N-terminus is more important than the C-terminus for strong binding.

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Sprache(n): eng - English
 Datum: 2002-02-26
 Publikationsstatus: Erschienen
 Seiten: -
 Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
 Inhaltsverzeichnis: -
 Art der Begutachtung: Expertenbegutachtung
 Identifikatoren: eDoc: 41350
ISI: 000174007100008
 Art des Abschluß: -

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Titel: Biochemistry
  Alternativer Titel : Biochemistry
Genre der Quelle: Zeitschrift
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Affiliations:
Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
Seiten: - Band / Heft: 41 (8) Artikelnummer: - Start- / Endseite: 2535 - 2542 Identifikator: ISSN: 0006-2960