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  Four-Hundred Million Years of Conserved Synteny of Human Xp and Xq Genes on Three Tetraodon Chromosomes

Grützner, F., Roest Crollius, H., Lütjens, G., Jaillon, O., Weissenbach, J., Ropers, H. H., et al. (2002). Four-Hundred Million Years of Conserved Synteny of Human Xp and Xq Genes on Three Tetraodon Chromosomes. Genome Research, 12(9), 1316-1322.

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 Creators:
Grützner, Frank, Author
Roest Crollius, Hugues, Author
Lütjens, Götz, Author
Jaillon, Olivier, Author
Weissenbach, Jean, Author
Ropers, Hans Hilger1, Author           
Haaf, Thomas1, Author           
Affiliations:
1Dept. of Human Molecular Genetics (Head: Hans-Hilger Ropers), Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Max Planck Society, ou_1433549              

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 Abstract: The freshwater pufferfish Tetraodon nigroviridis (TNI) has become highly attractive as a compact reference vertebrate genome for gene finding and validation. We have mapped genes, which are more or less evenly spaced on the human chromosomes 9 and X, on Tetraodon chromosomes using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), to establish syntenic relationships between Tetraodon and other key vertebrate genomes. PufferFISH revealed that the human X is an orthologous mosaic of three Tetraodon chromosomes. More than 350 million years ago, an ancestral vertebrate autosome shared orthologous Xp and Xq genes with Tetraodon chromosomes 1 and 7. The shuffled order of Xp and Xq orthologs on their syntenic Tetraodon chromosomes can be explained by the prevalence of evolutionary inversions. The Tetraodon 2 orthologous genes are clustered in human Xp11 and represent a recent addition to the eutherian X sex chromosome. The human chromosome 9 and the avian Z sex chromosome show a much lower degree of synteny conservation in the pufferfish than the human X chromosome. We propose that a special selection process during vertebrate evolution has shaped a highly conserved array(s) of X-linked genes long before the X was used as a mammalian sex chromosome and many X chromosomal genes were recruited for reproduction and/or the development of cognitive abilities.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2002-08-21
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: -
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 Rev. Type: -
 Identifiers: eDoc: 24159
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Title: Genome Research
Source Genre: Journal
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Pages: - Volume / Issue: 12 (9) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 1316 - 1322 Identifier: -