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Free keywords:
Coastal polynyas
Arctic-ocean
Ssm/i
1990s
Abstract:
The Shelf Seas of the Arctic are known for their large sea-ice production. This paper presents a comprehensive view of the Kara Sea sea-ice cover from high-resolution numerical modeling and space-borne microwave radiometry. As given by the latter the average polynya area in the Kara Sea takes a value of 21.2 x 10(3) km(2) ± 9.1 x 10(3) km(2) for winters (Jan. - Apr.) 1996/97 to 2000/01, being as high as 32.0 x 10(3) km(2) in 1999/2000 and below 12 x 10(3) km(2) in 1998/99. Day-to-day variations of the Kara Sea polynya area can be as high as 50 x 10(3) km(2). For the seasons 1996/ 97 to 2000/01 the modeled cumulative winter ice-volume flux out of the Kara Sea varied between 100 km(3) a(-1) and 350 km(3) a(-1). Modeled high (low) ice export coincides with a high ( low) average and cumulative polynya area, and with a low ( high) sea-ice compactness in the Kara Sea from remote sensing data, and with a high ( low) sea-ice drift speed across its northern boundary derived from independent model data for the winters 1996/ 97 to 2000/01. [References: 15]
