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  Fixations in natural scenes: interaction of image structure and image content

Kayser, C., Nielsen, K., & Logothetis, N. (2006). Fixations in natural scenes: interaction of image structure and image content. Vision Research, 46(16), 2535-2545. doi:10.1016/j.visres.2006.02.003.

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Kayser, C1, 2, Author           
Nielsen, KJ1, 2, Author           
Logothetis, NK1, 2, Author           
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1Department Physiology of Cognitive Processes, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max Planck Society, ou_1497798              
2Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max Planck Society, Spemannstrasse 38, 72076 Tübingen, DE, ou_1497794              

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 Abstract: Explorative eye movements specifically target some parts of a scene while ignoring others. Here we investigate how local image structure - defined by spatial frequency contrast - and informative image content - defined by higher order image statistics - are weighted for the selection of fixation points. We measured eye movements of macaque monkeys freely viewing a set of natural and manipulated images outside a particular task. To probe the effect of scene content, we locally introduced patches of pink noise into natural images, and to probe the interaction with image structure, we altered the contrast of the noise. We found that fixations specifically targeted the natural image parts and spared the uninformative noise patches. However, both increasing and decreasing the contrast of the noise attracted more fixations, and, in the extreme cases, compensated the effect of missing content. Introducing delusive patches from another natural image led to similar results. In all paradigms tested, the interaction bet
ween scene structure and informative scene content was the same in any of the first six fixations on an image, demonstrating that the weighting of these factors is constant during viewing of an image. These results question theories, which suggest that initial fixations are driven by stimulus saliency whereas later fixations are determined by informative scene content.

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 Dates: 2006-03
 Publication Status: Issued
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 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2006.02.003
BibTex Citekey: 3833
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Title: Vision Research
  Other : Vision Res.
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Amsterdam : Pergamon
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 46 (16) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 2535 - 2545 Identifier: ISSN: 0042-6989
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925451842