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Zusammenfassung:
Previous studies have shown that some forms of biological-motion displays--specifically those in which bottom - up integration is possible--can be processed very effectively when attention is allocated to a demanding secondary task (Thornton et al, 1998 Perception Supplement, 68b; Thornton et al, 1999 Perception Supplement, 35c).
Here we further explore the role of attention in biological-motion processing using visual search and flanker interference paradigms. Even in the absence of masking elements, detection of a target walker amongst distractor walkers (set size ranged between 1 and 4 walkers) was always slow and effortful, requiring approximately 116 ms per item when the target was defined in terms of direction of locomotion (left-facing walker amongst right-facing walkers or vice versa), and close to 200 ms per item when the nature of target motion was varied (phase-scrambled versus phase-normal walkers).
These findings suggest that the individuation of walking figures in these displays requires attention. We are currently using a concurrent flanker task to explore whether this reallocation of attention is a controlled or automatic process.
