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  Decreased Mitochondrial Activities of Malate Dehydrogenase and Fumarase in Tomato Lead to Altered Root Growth and Architecture via Diverse Mechanisms

van der Merwe, M. J., Osorio, S., Moritz, T., Nunes-Nesi, A., & Fernie, A. R. (2009). Decreased Mitochondrial Activities of Malate Dehydrogenase and Fumarase in Tomato Lead to Altered Root Growth and Architecture via Diverse Mechanisms. Plant Physiology, 149(2), 653-669. doi:10.1104/pp.108.130518.

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van der Merwe, M. J.1, Author           
Osorio, S.1, Author           
Moritz, T.2, Author
Nunes-Nesi, A.1, Author           
Fernie, A. R.1, Author           
Affiliations:
1Central Metabolism, Department Willmitzer, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Max Planck Society, ou_1753339              
2External Organizations, ou_persistent22              

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Free keywords: aluminum tolerance energy-metabolism citrate synthase respiratory metabolism antisense inhibition illuminated leaves reduced expression transgenic plants auxin transport microarray data
 Abstract: Transgenic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants in which either mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase or fumarase was antisense inhibited have previously been characterized to exhibit altered photosynthetic metabolism. Here, we demonstrate that these manipulations also resulted in differences in root growth, with both transgenics being characterized by a dramatic reduction of root dry matter deposition and respiratory activity but opposite changes with respect to root area. A range of physiological, molecular, and biochemical experiments were carried out in order to determine whether changes in root morphology were due to altered metabolism within the root itself, alterations in the nature of the transformants' root exudation, consequences of alteration in the efficiency of photoassimilate delivery to the root, or a combination of these factors. Grafting experiments in which the transformants were reciprocally grafted to wild-type controls suggested that root length and area were determined by the aerial part of the plant but that biomass was not. Despite the transgenic roots displaying alteration in the expression of phytohormone-associated genes, evaluation of the levels of the hormones themselves revealed that, with the exception of gibberellins, they were largely unaltered. When taken together, these combined experiments suggest that root biomass and growth are retarded by root-specific alterations in metabolism and gibberellin contents. These data are discussed in the context of current models of root growth and biomass partitioning.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2008-11-262009
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: -
 Identifiers: ISI: ISI:000263129400006
DOI: 10.1104/pp.108.130518
ISSN: 0032-0889 (Print)0032-0889 (Linking)
URI: ://000263129400006http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/40537661.pdf
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Title: Plant Physiology
  Other : Plant Physiol.
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Bethesda, Md. : American Society of Plant Biologists
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 149 (2) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 653 - 669 Identifier: ISSN: 0032-0889
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/991042744294438