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Schlagwörter:
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Zusammenfassung:
The current study investigates whether "mentalizing", or taking the
perspective of your interlocutor, plays an essential and constant role
while two people are interacting, or whether it is mostly used in
reaction to misunderstandings. This study is the first to use a brainimaging
method, MEG, to answer this question. In a first phase of the
experiment, MEG participants interacted with a confederate who set
naming precedents for certain pictures. In a second phase, these
precedents were sometimes broken; a speaker named the same picture
in a different way. This could be done by the same speaker, who set the
precedent, or by a different speaker. Source analysis of MEG data in
the second phase showed that in the 800 milliseconds before the naming, when the picture was already on the screen, episodic memory (e.g., parahippocampal gyrus) and language areas (e.g., temporal
areas) were activated, but no mentalizing areas, suggesting that the
speaker's naming intentions were not anticipated by the listener on the
basis of shared experiences. Mentalizing areas (i.e., temporoparietal
junction, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, precuneus) only became activated after speakers broke their own precedent, which we interpret as a reaction to the violation of conversational pragmatics.
