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  Trade liberalization and climate change: A computable general equilibrium analysis of the impacts on global agriculture

Calzadilla, A., Rehdanz, K., & Tol, R. S. J. (2011). Trade liberalization and climate change: A computable general equilibrium analysis of the impacts on global agriculture. Water, 3, 526-550. doi:10.3390/w3020526.

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 Creators:
Calzadilla, Alvaro1, Author           
Rehdanz, Katrin2, Author
Tol, Richard S. J.2, Author
Affiliations:
1IMPRS on Earth System Modelling, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society, ou_913547              
2external, ou_persistent22              

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Free keywords: climate change; computable general equilibrium; trade liberalization; water policy; water scarcity;
 Abstract: Based on predicted changes in the magnitude and distribution of global precipitation, temperature and river flow under the A1B and A2 scenarios of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (IPCC SRES), this study assesses the potential impacts of climate change and CO2 fertilization on global agriculture, and its interactions with trade liberalization, as proposed for the Doha Development Round. The analysis uses the new version of the GTAP-W model, which distinguishes between rainfed and irrigated agriculture and implements water as an explicit factor of production for irrigated agriculture. Significant reductions in agricultural tariffs lead to modest changes in regional water use. Patterns are non-linear. On the regional level, water use may go up for partial liberalization, and down for more complete liberalization. This is because different crops respond differently to tariff reductions, and because trade and competition matter too. Moreover, trade liberalization tends to reduce water use in water scarce regions, and increase water use in water abundant regions, even though water markets do not exist in most countries. Considering impacts of climate change, the results show that global food production, welfare and GDP fall over time while food prices increase. Larger changes are observed under the SRES A2 scenario for the medium term (2020) and under the SRES A1B scenario for the long term (2050). Combining scenarios of future climate change with trade liberalization, countries are affected differently. However, the overall effect on welfare does not change much.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2011-06
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: ISI: 000312254700004
DOI: 10.3390/w3020526
 Degree: -

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Title: Water
Source Genre: Journal
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Pages: - Volume / Issue: 3 Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 526 - 550 Identifier: ISSN: 2073-4441