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キーワード:
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要旨:
Mapping of terrestrial chlorophyll fluorescence from space has shown potential for providing globalmeasurements
related to gross primary productivity (GPP). In particular, space-based fluorescence may provide information on the
length of the carbon uptake period. Here, for the first time we test the ability of satellite fluorescence retrievals to
track seasonal cycle of photosynthesis as estimated from a diverse set of tower gas exchange measurements
from around the world. The satellite fluorescence retrievals are obtained using new observations near the
740 nm emission feature from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment 2 (GOME-2) instrument offering the
highest temporal and spatial resolution of available global measurements. Because GOME-2 has a large ground
footprint (~40 × 80 km2) as compared with that of the flux towers and the GOME-2 data require averaging to
reduce random errors, we additionally compare with seasonal cycles of upscaled GPP estimated from a machine
learning approach averaged over the same temporal and spatial domain as the satellite data surrounding the
tower locations.We also examine the seasonality of absorbed photosynthetically-active radiation (APAR) estimated
from satellite measurements. Finally, to assess whether global vegetation models may benefit from the satellite
fluorescence retrievals through validation or additional constraints, we examine seasonal cycles of GPP as produced
from an ensemble of vegetation models. Several of the data-driven models rely on satellite reflectance-based
vegetation parameters to derive estimates of APAR that are used to compute GPP. For forested (especially deciduous
broadleaf and mixed forests) and cropland sites, the GOME-2 fluorescence data track the spring onset and autumn
shutoff of photosynthesis as delineated by the upscaled GPP estimates. In contrast, the reflectance-based indicators
and many of the models, particularly those driven by data, tend to overestimate the length of the
photosynthetically-active period for these biomes. Satellite fluorescence measurements therefore show potential
for improving the seasonal dependence of photosynthesis simulated by global models at similar spatial scales.
