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  Sources of increase in lowermost stratospheric sulphurous and carbonaceous aerosol background concentrations during 1999-2008 derived from CARIBIC flights

Friberg, J., Martinsson, B. G., Andersson, S. M., Brenninkmeijer, C. A. M., Hermann, M., van Velthoven, P. F. J., & Zahn, A. (2014). Sources of increase in lowermost stratospheric sulphurous and carbonaceous aerosol background concentrations during 1999-2008 derived from CARIBIC flights. Tellus, Series B - Chemical and Physical Meteorology, 66:. doi:10.3402/tellusb.v66.23428.

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資料種別: 学術論文

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 作成者:
Friberg, Johan1, 著者
Martinsson, Bengt G.1, 著者
Andersson, Sandra M.1, 著者
Brenninkmeijer, Carl A. M.2, 著者           
Hermann, Markus1, 著者
van Velthoven, Peter F. J.1, 著者
Zahn, Andreas1, 著者
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1external, ou_persistent22              
2Atmospheric Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Max Planck Society, ou_1826285              

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 要旨: This study focuses on sulphurous and carbonaceous aerosol, the major constituents of particulate matter in the lowermost stratosphere (LMS), based on in situ measurements from 1999 to 2008. Aerosol particles in the size range of 0.08-2 mu m were collected monthly during intercontinental flights with the CARIBIC passenger aircraft, presenting the first long-term study on carbonaceous aerosol in the LMS. Elemental concentrations were derived via subsequent laboratory-based ion beam analysis. The stoichiometry indicates that the sulphurous fraction is sulphate, while an O/C ratio of 0.2 indicates that the carbonaceous aerosol is organic. The concentration of the carbonaceous component corresponded on average to approximately 25% of that of the sulphurous, and could not be explained by forest fires or biomass burning, since the average mass ratio of Fe to K was 16 times higher than typical ratios in effluents from biomass burning. The data reveal increasing concentrations of particulate sulphur and carbon with a doubling of particulate sulphur from 1999 to 2008 in the northern hemisphere LMS. Periods of elevated concentrations of particulate sulphur in the LMS are linked to downward transport of aerosol from higher altitudes, using ozone as a tracer for stratospheric air. Tropical volcanic eruptions penetrating the tropical tropopause are identified as the likely cause of the particulate sulphur and carbon increase in the LMS, where entrainment of lower tropospheric air into volcanic jets and plumes could be the cause of the carbon increase.

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 日付: 2014
 出版の状態: オンラインで出版済み
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 識別子(DOI, ISBNなど): ISI: 000333686200001
DOI: 10.3402/tellusb.v66.23428
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出版物 1

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出版物名: Tellus, Series B - Chemical and Physical Meteorology
種別: 学術雑誌
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出版社, 出版地: Copenhagen : Swedish Geophysical Society:
ページ: - 巻号: 66 通巻号: 23428 開始・終了ページ: - 識別子(ISBN, ISSN, DOIなど): ISSN: 0280-6509
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925506308