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  Physical exercise in overweight to obese individuals induces metabolic- and neurotrophic-related structural brain plasticity

Mueller, K., Möller, H. E., Horstmann, A., Busse, F. P., Lepsien, J., Blüher, M., et al. (2015). Physical exercise in overweight to obese individuals induces metabolic- and neurotrophic-related structural brain plasticity. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 9: 372. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00372.

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 Urheber:
Mueller, Karsten1, Autor           
Möller, Harald E.1, Autor           
Horstmann, Annette2, 3, Autor           
Busse, Franziska P.2, Autor           
Lepsien, Jöran1, Autor           
Blüher, Matthias3, 4, Autor
Stumvoll, Michael4, Autor
Villringer, Arno2, 3, 5, Autor           
Pleger, Burkhard2, 5, Autor           
Affiliations:
1Methods and Development Unit Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, ou_634558              
2Department Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, ou_634549              
3Integrated Research and Treatment Center Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Germany, ou_persistent22              
4Clinic for Endocrinology and Nephrology, University Hospital Leipzig, Germany, ou_persistent22              
5Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Germany, ou_persistent22              

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Schlagwörter: BDNF; Brain derived neurotrophic factor; Brain metabolism; Brain plasticity; Exercise; Magnetic resonance imaging; Obesity; Physical fitness
 Zusammenfassung: Previous cross-sectional studies on body-weight-related alterations in brain structure revealed profound changes in the gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) that resemble findings obtained from individuals with advancing age. This suggests that obesity may lead to structural brain changes that are comparable with brain aging. Here, we asked whether weight-loss-dependent improved metabolic and neurotrophic functioning parallels the reversal of obesity-related alterations in brain structure. To this end we applied magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) together with voxel-based morphometry and diffusion-tensor imaging in overweight to obese individuals who participated in a fitness course with intensive physical training twice a week over a period of 3 months. After the fitness course, participants presented, with inter-individual heterogeneity, a reduced body mass index (BMI), reduced serum leptin concentrations, elevated high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and alterations of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations suggesting changes of metabolic and neurotrophic function. Exercise-dependent changes in BMI and serum concentration of BDNF, leptin, and HDL-C were related to an increase in GM density in the left hippocampus, the insular cortex, and the left cerebellar lobule. We also observed exercise-dependent changes of diffusivity parameters in surrounding WM structures as well as in the corpus callosum. These findings suggest that weight-loss due to physical exercise in overweight to obese participants induces profound structural brain plasticity, not primarily of sensorimotor brain regions involved in physical exercise, but of regions previously reported to be structurally affected by an increased body weight and functionally implemented in gustation and cognitive processing.

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Sprache(n): eng - English
 Datum: 2015-03-052015-06-122015-07-01
 Publikationsstatus: Online veröffentlicht
 Seiten: -
 Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
 Inhaltsverzeichnis: -
 Art der Begutachtung: Expertenbegutachtung
 Identifikatoren: PMID: 26190989
DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00372
PMC: PMC4486867
Anderer: eCollection 2015
 Art des Abschluß: -

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Titel: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
  Kurztitel : Front Hum Neurosci
Genre der Quelle: Zeitschrift
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Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
Seiten: - Band / Heft: 9 Artikelnummer: 372 Start- / Endseite: - Identifikator: ISSN: 1662-5161
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/1662-5161