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  Nitrogen-doped carbon electrodes : influence of microstructure and nitrogen configuration on the electrical conductivity of carbonized polyacrylonitrile and poly(ionic liquid) blends

Einert, M., Wessel, C., Badaczewski, F., Leichtweiß, T., Eufinger, C., Janek, J., et al. (2015). Nitrogen-doped carbon electrodes: influence of microstructure and nitrogen configuration on the electrical conductivity of carbonized polyacrylonitrile and poly(ionic liquid) blends. Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, 216(19), 1930-1944. doi:10.1002/macp.201500169.

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Item Permalink: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0028-5449-D Version Permalink: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000A-27E6-7
Genre: Journal Article

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Front Cover: Electrospinning and carbonization of poly(ionic liquids) (PILs) into fiber mats is demonstrated to produce carbonaceous fiber mats with high electric conductivity. Systematic analysis provides insight into the structural development, and shows that electrical conductivity of the disordered nitrogen-enriched carbon mats is influenced by the complex interplay of the atomic microstructure, the amount and the nature of nitrogen dopant, and the overall chemical composition. Further details can be found in the article by M. Einert, C. Wessel, F. Badaczewski, T. Leichtweiß, C. Eufinger, J. Janek, J. Yuan, M. Antonietti, and B. M. Smarsly on page 1930.
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 Creators:
Einert, Marcus, Author
Wessel, Claas, Author
Badaczewski, Felix, Author
Leichtweiß, Thomas, Author
Eufinger, Christine, Author
Janek, Jürgen, Author
Yuan, Jiayin1, Author           
Antonietti, Markus2, Author           
Smarsly, Bernd M., Author
Affiliations:
1Jiayin Yuan, Kolloidchemie, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society, ou_1863318              
2Markus Antonietti, Kolloidchemie, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society, ou_1863321              

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Free keywords: electrospinning, microstructure, nanofibers, N-doped carbon, poly(ionic liquid)
 Abstract: In this paper, the preparation of nitrogen-doped carbon fibers and thin films from mixtures of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and a poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) by electrospinning and dip-coating is presented, respectively, followed by carbonization at distinct temperatures. The poor processability of the PIL into sub-micrometer fibers by electrospinning—originating from its high charge density and meanwhile low glass transition temperature—is successfully circumvented by using blends of PAN and PIL. The electrospun fiber mats exhibit a high surface-to-volume-ratio with an intrinsically macroporous through-pore structure and a uniform fiber diameter after carbonization. Physicochemical characterization of the N-doped carbons by means of scanning electron microscopy, algorithmic X-Ray diffraction analysis, nitrogen physisorption, thermogravimetry, elemental analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy gives insight into their physical and electrical structures. Impedance measurements on carbonized PIL/PAN-blends reveal high electrical conductivities up to 320 S cm−1, which are attributed to the incorporation of predominantly quaternary-graphitic nitrogen atoms into the carbon network during carbonization. The results indicate that the electrical conductance of the N-doped carbons strongly depends on the chemical environment of the inserted nitrogen atoms, the microstructural evolution of π-conjugated carbon network—which in turn correlate with the carbonization temperature—and the chemical composition.

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 Dates: 2015-09-012015
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: -
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1002/macp.201500169
DOI: 10.1002/macp.201570059
 Degree: -

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Title: Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics
  Other : Macromol. Chem. Phys.
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 216 (19) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 1930 - 1944 Identifier: ISSN: 1022-1352