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  Speech dynamics are coded in the left motor cortex in fluent speakers but not in adults who stutter

Neef, N., Hoang, T. N. L., Neef, A., Paulus, W., & Sommer, M. (2015). Speech dynamics are coded in the left motor cortex in fluent speakers but not in adults who stutter. Brain, 138(3), 712-725. doi:10.1093/brain/awu390.

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Genre: Zeitschriftenartikel

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externe Referenz:
https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awu390 (Verlagsversion)
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 Urheber:
Neef, Nicole1, 2, Autor           
Hoang, T. N. Linh1, Autor
Neef, Andreas3, Autor
Paulus, Walter1, Autor
Sommer, Martin1, Autor
Affiliations:
1Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany, ou_persistent22              
2Department Neuropsychology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, ou_634551              
3Department of Nonlinear Dynamics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany, ou_persistent22              

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Schlagwörter: Motor control; Primary motor cortex; Transcranial magnetic stimulation; Motor evoked potentials; Stuttering
 Zusammenfassung: The precise excitability regulation of neuronal circuits in the primary motor cortex is central to the successful and fluent production of speech. Our question was whether the involuntary execution of undesirable movements, e.g. stuttering, is linked to an insufficient excitability tuning of neural populations in the orofacial region of the primary motor cortex. We determined the speech-related time course of excitability modulation in the left and right primary motor tongue representation. Thirteen fluent speakers (four females, nine males; aged 23–44) and 13 adults who stutter (four females, nine males, aged 21–55) were asked to build verbs with the verbal prefix ‘auf’. Single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation was applied over the primary motor cortex during the transition phase between a fixed labiodental articulatory configuration and immediately following articulatory configurations, at different latencies after transition onset. Bilateral electromyography was recorded from self-adhesive electrodes placed on the surface of the tongue. Off-line, we extracted the motor evoked potential amplitudes and normalized these amplitudes to the individual baseline excitability during the fixed configuration. Fluent speakers demonstrated a prominent left hemisphere increase of motor cortex excitability in the transition phase (P = 0.009). In contrast, the excitability of the right primary motor tongue representation was unchanged. Interestingly, adults afflicted with stuttering revealed a lack of left-hemisphere facilitation. Moreover, the magnitude of facilitation was negatively correlated with stuttering frequency. Although orofacial midline muscles are bilaterally innervated from corticobulbar projections of both hemispheres, our results indicate that speech motor plans are controlled primarily in the left primary speech motor cortex. This speech motor planning-related asymmetry towards the left orofacial motor cortex is missing in stuttering. Moreover, a negative correlation between the amount of facilitation and stuttering severity suggests that we discovered a main physiological principle of fluent speech production and its role in stuttering.

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Sprache(n): eng - English
 Datum: 2014-08-012014-11-172015-01-152015-03-01
 Publikationsstatus: Erschienen
 Seiten: -
 Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
 Inhaltsverzeichnis: -
 Art der Begutachtung: Expertenbegutachtung
 Identifikatoren: DOI: 10.1093/brain/awu390
PMID: 25595146
PMC: PMC4408433
Anderer: Epub 2015
 Art des Abschluß: -

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Projektname : -
Grant ID : -
Förderprogramm : Dorothea Schlözer Fellowship Programme
Förderorganisation : University of Goettingen
Projektname : -
Grant ID : NE 1841/1-1; SO 429/2-2; SO 429/4-1
Förderprogramm : -
Förderorganisation : Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
Projektname : -
Grant ID : -
Förderprogramm : -
Förderorganisation : Rose Foundation for Communities and the Environment
Projektname : -
Grant ID : 01GQ0810
Förderprogramm : -
Förderorganisation : Bernstein Focus Neurotechnology

Quelle 1

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Titel: Brain
  Andere : Brain
Genre der Quelle: Zeitschrift
 Urheber:
Affiliations:
Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: London : Macmillan
Seiten: - Band / Heft: 138 (3) Artikelnummer: - Start- / Endseite: 712 - 725 Identifikator: ISSN: 0006-8950
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925385135