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キーワード:
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要旨:
The Easy Volcanic Aerosol (EVA) forcing generator produces stratospheric aerosol optical properties as a function of time, latitude, height and wavelength for a given input list of volcanic eruption attributes. EVA is based on a parameterized three-box model of stratospheric transport, and simple scaling relationships used to derive mid-visible (550 nm) aerosol optical depth and aerosol effective radius from stratospheric sulfate mass. Pre-calculated look up tables computed from Mie theory are used to produce wavelength dependent aerosol extinction, single scattering albedo and scattering asymmetry factor values. The structural form of EVA, and the tuning of its parameters, are chosen to produce best agreement with the satellite-based reconstruction of stratospheric aerosol properties following the 1991 Pinatubo eruption, and with prior millennial-time scale forcing reconstructions including the 1815 eruption of Tambora. EVA can be used to produce volcanic forcing for climate models which is based on recent observations and physical understanding, but internally self-consistent over any time-scale of choice. In addition, EVA is constructed so as to allow for easy modification of different aspects of aerosol properties, in order to be used in model experiments to help advance understanding of what aspects of the volcanic aerosol are important for the climate system.
