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  Prediction signatures in the brain: Semantic pre-activation during language comprehension

Maess, B., Mamashli, F., Obleser, J., Helle, L., & Friederici, A. D. (2016). Prediction signatures in the brain: Semantic pre-activation during language comprehension. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 10: 591. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00591.

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 Creators:
Maess, Burkhard1, Author                 
Mamashli, Fahimeh1, 2, 3, Author           
Obleser, Jonas4, 5, Author           
Helle, Liisa6, 7, Author
Friederici, Angela D.2, Author           
Affiliations:
1Methods and Development Group MEG and EEG - Cortical Networks and Cognitive Functions, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, Leipzig, DE, ou_2205650              
2Department Neuropsychology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, ou_634551              
3Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, ou_persistent22              
4Max Planck Research Group Auditory Cognition, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, Leipzig, DE, ou_751545              
5Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Germany, ou_persistent22              
6Elekta Oy, Helsinki, Finland, ou_persistent22              
7Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland, ou_persistent22              

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Free keywords: Semantics; Prediction; Language; MEG; N400
 Abstract: There is broad agreement that context-based predictions facilitate lexical-semantic processing. A robust index of semantic prediction during language comprehension is an evoked response, known as the N400, whose amplitude is modulated as a function of semantic context. However, the underlying neural mechanisms that utilize relations of the prior context and the embedded word within it are largely unknown. We measured magnetoencephalography (MEG) data while participants were listening to simple German sentences in which the verbs were either highly predictive for the occurrence of a particular noun (i.e., provided context) or not. The identical set of nouns was presented in both conditions. Hence, differences for the evoked responses of the nouns can only be due to differences in the earlier context. We observed a reduction of the N400 response for highly predicted nouns. Interestingly, the opposite pattern was observed for the preceding verbs: highly predictive (that is more informative) verbs yielded stronger neural magnitude compared to less predictive verbs. A negative correlation between the N400 effect of the verb and that of the noun was found in a distributed brain network, indicating an integral relation between the predictive power of the verb and the processing of the subsequent noun. This network consisted of left hemispheric superior and middle temporal areas and a subcortical area; the parahippocampus. Enhanced activity for highly predictive relative to less predictive verbs, likely reflects establishing semantic features associated with the expected nouns, that is a pre-activation of the expected nouns.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2016-06-272016-11-042016-11-15
 Publication Status: Published online
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: -
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00591
PMID: 27895573
PMC: PMC5108799
Other: eCollection 2016
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Title: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
  Abbreviation : Front Hum Neurosci
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Lausanne, Switzerland : Frontiers Research Foundation
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 10 Sequence Number: 591 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 1662-5161
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/1662-5161