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  Evaluation of climate-related carbon turnover processes in global vegetation models for boreal and temperate forests

Thurner, M., Beer, C., Ciais, P., Friend, A. D., Ito, A., Kleidon, A., et al. (2017). Evaluation of climate-related carbon turnover processes in global vegetation models for boreal and temperate forests. Global Change Biology, 23(8), 3076-3091. doi:10.1111/gcb.13660.

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 Creators:
Thurner, Martin, Author
Beer, Christian, Author
Ciais, Philippe, Author
Friend, Andrew D., Author
Ito, Akihiko, Author
Kleidon, Axel1, Author           
Lomas, Mark R., Author
Quegan, Shaun, Author
Rademacher, Tim T., Author
Schaphoff, Sibyll, Author
Tum, Markus, Author
Wiltshire, Andy, Author
Carvalhais, Nuno2, Author           
Affiliations:
1Research Group Biospheric Theory and Modelling, Dr. A. Kleidon, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Max Planck Society, ou_1497761              
2Model-Data Integration, Dr. Nuno Carvalhais, Department Biogeochemical Integration, Dr. M. Reichstein, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Max Planck Society, ou_1938310              

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 Abstract: Turnover concepts in state-of-the-art global vegetation models (GVMs) account for various processes, but are often highly simplified and may not include an adequate representation of the dominant processes that shape vegetation carbon turnover rates in real forest ecosystems at a large spatial scale. Here we evaluate vegetation carbon turnover processes in GVMs participating in the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISI-MIP; including HYBRID4, JeDi, JULES, LPJml, ORCHIDEE, SDGVM, and VISIT) using estimates of vegetation carbon turnover rate (k) derived from a combination of remote sensing based products of biomass and net primary production (NPP). We find that current model limitations lead to considerable biases in the simulated biomass and in k (severe underestimations by all models except JeDi and VISIT compared to observation-based average k), likely contributing to underestimation of positive feedbacks of the northern forest carbon balance to climate change caused by changes in forest mortality. A need for improved turnover concepts related to frost damage, drought and insect outbreaks in order to better reproduce observation-based spatial patterns in k is identified. Since direct frost damage effects on mortality are usually not accounted for in these GVMs, simulated relationships between k and winter length in boreal forests are not consistent between different regions and strongly biased compared to the observation-based relationships. Some models show a response of k to drought in temperate forests as a result of impacts of water availability on NPP, growth efficiency or carbon balance dependent mortality as well as soil or litter moisture effects on leaf turnover or fire. However, further direct drought effects like carbon starvation (only in HYBRID4) or hydraulic failure are usually not taken into account by the investigated GVMs. While they are considered dominant large-scale mortality agents, mortality mechanisms related to insects and pathogens are not explicitly treated in these models.

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 Dates: 2017-02-132017-04-052017-08
 Publication Status: Issued
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 Identifiers: Other: BGC2601
DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13660
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Title: Global Change Biology
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 23 (8) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 3076 - 3091 Identifier: ISSN: 1354-1013
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925618107