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  Modeling fear-conditioned bradycardia in humans

Castegnetti, G., Tzovara, A., Staib, M., Paulus, P. C., Hofer, N., & Bach, D. R. (2016). Modeling fear-conditioned bradycardia in humans. Psychophysiology, 53(6), 930-939. doi:10.1111/psyp.12637.

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Castegnetti, Giuseppe1, 2, Author
Tzovara, Athina1, 2, Author
Staib, Matthias1, 2, Author
Paulus, Philipp C.1, 2, 3, Author           
Hofer, Nicolas1, 2, Author
Bach, Dominik R.1, 2, 4, Author
Affiliations:
1Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland, ou_persistent22              
2Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland, ou_persistent22              
3Department of Psychology, TU Dresden, Germany, ou_persistent22              
4Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, United Kingdom, ou_persistent22              

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Free keywords: Delay conditioning; Heart period; Psychophysiological model; Skin conductance; Trace conditioning
 Abstract: Across species, cued fear conditioning is a common experimental paradigm to investigate aversive Pavlovian learning. While fear-conditioned stimuli (CS+) elicit overt behavior in many mammals, this is not the case in humans. Typically, autonomic nervous system activity is used to quantify fear memory in humans, measured by skin conductance responses (SCR). Here, we investigate whether heart period responses (HPR) evoked by the CS, often observed in humans and small mammals, are suitable to complement SCR as an index of fear memory in humans. We analyze four datasets involving delay and trace conditioning, in which heart beats are identified via electrocardiogram or pulse oximetry, to show that fear-conditioned heart rate deceleration (bradycardia) is elicited and robustly distinguishes CS+ from CS−. We then develop a psychophysiological model (PsPM) of fear-conditioned HPR. This PsPM is inverted to yield estimates of autonomic input into the heart. We show that the sensitivity to distinguish CS+ and CS− (predictive validity) is higher for model-based estimates than peak-scoring analysis, and compare this with SCR. Our work provides a novel tool to investigate fear memory in humans that allows direct comparison between species.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2015-09-302016-02-042016-05-132016-06
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: -
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 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12637
BibTex Citekey: castegnetti_modeling_2016
PMID: 26950648
PMC: PMC4869680
Other: Epub 2016
 Degree: -

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Title: Psychophysiology
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: New York, NY [etc.] : Blackwell Publishing Inc. [etc.]
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 53 (6) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 930 - 939 Identifier: ISSN: 0048-5772
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925334698