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  Age-related changes in predictive capacity versus internal model adaptability: Electrophysiological evidence that individual differences outweigh effects of age

Bornkessel-Schlesewsky, I., Alday, P. M., Kretzschmar, F., Grewe, T., Gumpert, M., Schumacher, P. B., et al. (2015). Age-related changes in predictive capacity versus internal model adaptability: Electrophysiological evidence that individual differences outweigh effects of age. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 7: 217. doi:10.3389/fnagi.2015.00217.

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Item Permalink: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-002D-A4F6-7 Version Permalink: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-002E-7BB4-2
Genre: Journal Article

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Copyright©2015 Bornkessel-Schlesewsky,Philipp,Alday,Kretzschmar,Grewe,Gumpert,SchumacherandSchlesewsky.Thisisanopen-accessarticledistributed underthetermsoftheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense(CCBY).Theuse,distributionorreproductioninotherforumsispermitted,providedtheoriginal author(s)orlicensorarecreditedandthattheoriginalpublicationinthisjournal is cited,inaccordancewithacceptedacademicpractice.Nouse,distributionor reproductionispermittedwhichdoesnotcomplywiththeseterms.
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http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnagi.2015.00217 (Supplementary material)
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 Creators:
Bornkessel-Schlesewsky, I.1, Author
Alday, Phillip M.1, Author
Kretzschmar, F.2, Author
Grewe, T.3, Author
Gumpert, M.3, Author
Schumacher, P. B.4, Author
Schlesewsky, M.1, Author
Affiliations:
1Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy,University of South Australia, Adelaide,SA ,Australia, ou_persistent22              
2Department of English and Linguistics, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany, ou_persistent22              
3Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Fresenius University of Applied Sciences, Idstein, Germany, ou_persistent22              
4Institute of German Language and Literature I, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, ou_persistent22              

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 Abstract: Hierarchical predictive coding has been identified as a possible unifying principle of brain function, and recent work in cognitive neuroscience has examined how it may be affected by age–related changes. Using language comprehension as a test case, the present study aimed to dissociate age-related changes in prediction generation versus internal model adaptation following a prediction error. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were measured in a group of older adults (60–81 years; n = 40) as they read sentences of the form “The opposite of black is white/yellow/nice.” Replicating previous work in young adults, results showed a target-related P300 for the expected antonym (“white”; an effect assumed to reflect a prediction match), and a graded N400 effect for the two incongruous conditions (i.e. a larger N400 amplitude for the incongruous continuation not related to the expected antonym, “nice,” versus the incongruous associated condition, “yellow”). These effects were followed by a late positivity, again with a larger amplitude in the incongruous non-associated versus incongruous associated condition. Analyses using linear mixed-effects models showed that the target-related P300 effect and the N400 effect for the incongruous non-associated condition were both modulated by age, thus suggesting that age-related changes affect both prediction generation and model adaptation. However, effects of age were outweighed by the interindividual variability of ERP responses, as reflected in the high proportion of variance captured by the inclusion of by-condition random slopes for participants and items. We thus argue that – at both a neurophysiological and a functional level – the notion of general differences between language processing in young and older adults may only be of limited use, and that future research should seek to better understand the causes of interindividual variability in the ERP responses of older adults and its relation to cognitive performance.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2015
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: -
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 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2015.00217
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Title: Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
  Abbreviation : Front Aging Neurosci
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Lausanne : Frontiers Research Foundation
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 7 Sequence Number: 217 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 1663-4365
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/1663-4365