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  Structural changes in socio-affective networks: Multi-modal MRI findings in long-term meditation practitioners

Engen, H. G., Bernhardt, B. C., Skottnik, L., Ricard, M., & Singer, T. (2018). Structural changes in socio-affective networks: Multi-modal MRI findings in long-term meditation practitioners. Neuropsychologia, 116(Part A), 26-33. doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.08.024.

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Genre: Zeitschriftenartikel

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 Urheber:
Engen, Haakon G.1, 2, Autor           
Bernhardt, Boris C.1, 3, Autor           
Skottnik, Léon4, 5, Autor           
Ricard, Matthieu6, Autor
Singer, Tania1, Autor           
Affiliations:
1Department Social Neuroscience, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, ou_634552              
2MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge,, ou_persistent22              
3Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, ou_persistent22              
4Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Maastricht University, the Netherlands, ou_persistent22              
5Brain Innovation, Maastricht, the Netherlands, ou_persistent22              
6Mind and Life Institute, Hadley, MA, USA, ou_persistent22              

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Schlagwörter: Structural MRI; Cortical thickness; Meditation; Loving-kindness; Social brain
 Zusammenfassung: Our goal was to assess the effects of long-term mental training in socio-affective skills on structural brain networks. We studied a group of long-term meditation practitioners (LTMs) who have focused on cultivating socio-affective skills using loving-kindness and compassion meditation for an average of 40k hours, comparing these to meditation-naïve controls. To maximize homogeneity of prior practice, LTMs were included only if they had undergone extensive full-time meditation retreats in the same center. MRI-based cortical thickness analysis revealed increased thickness in the LTM cohort relative to meditation-native controls in fronto-insular cortices. To identify functional networks relevant for the generation of socio-affective states, structural imaging analysis were complemented by fMRI analysis in LTMs, showing amplitude increases during a loving-kindness meditation session relative to non-meditative rest in multiple prefrontal and insular regions bilaterally. Importantly, functional findings partially overlapped with regions of cortical thickness increases in the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and anterior insula, suggesting that these regions may play a central role in the generation of emotional states relevant for the meditative practice. Our multi-modal MRI approach revealed structural changes in LTMs who have cultivated loving-kindness and compassion for a significant period of their life in functional networks activated by these practices. These preliminary cross-sectional findings motivate future longitudinal work studying brain plasticity following the regular practice of skills aiming at enhancing human altruism and prosocial motivation.

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Sprache(n): eng - English
 Datum: 2017-08-182016-12-312017-08-192017-08-312018-07-31
 Publikationsstatus: Erschienen
 Seiten: -
 Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
 Inhaltsverzeichnis: -
 Art der Begutachtung: Expertenbegutachtung
 Identifikatoren: DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.08.024
PMID: 28842274
Anderer: Epub 2017
 Art des Abschluß: -

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Projektname : Plasticity of the Empathic Brain: Structural and Functional MRI Studies on the Effect of Empathy Training on the Human Brain and Prosocial Behaviour / EMPATHICBRAIN
Grant ID : 205557
Förderprogramm : Funding Programme 7
Förderorganisation : European Commission (EC)
Projektname : -
Grant ID : RGPIN-2017-03897
Förderprogramm : -
Förderorganisation : Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC)
Projektname : -
Grant ID : NI17-039
Förderprogramm : -
Förderorganisation : SickKids Foundation
Projektname : -
Grant ID : 375106
Förderprogramm : -
Förderorganisation : Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)
Projektname : -
Grant ID : 34902
Förderprogramm : Chercheur Boursier
Förderorganisation : FRQ-S

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Titel: Neuropsychologia
Genre der Quelle: Zeitschrift
 Urheber:
Affiliations:
Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: Oxford : Pergamon
Seiten: - Band / Heft: 116 (Part A) Artikelnummer: - Start- / Endseite: 26 - 33 Identifikator: ISSN: 0028-3932
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925428258