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  Linking molecular size, composition and carbon turnover of extractable soil microbial compounds

Malik, A. A., Roth, V.-N., Hebert, M., Tremblay, L., Dittmar, T., & Gleixner, G. (2016). Linking molecular size, composition and carbon turnover of extractable soil microbial compounds. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 100: 1, pp. 66-73.

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Malik, Ashish A., Autor
Roth, Vanessa-Nina, Autor
Hebert, Mathieu, Autor
Tremblay, Luc, Autor
Dittmar, Thorsten1, Autor           
Gleixner, Gerd, Autor
Affiliations:
1Marine Geochemistry Group, Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Max Planck Society, ou_2481705              

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 Zusammenfassung: Microbial contribution to the maintenance and turnover of soil organic matter is significant. Yet, we do not have a thorough understanding of how biochemical composition of soil microbial biomass is related to carbon turnover and persistence of different microbial components. Using a suite of state-of-the-art analytical techniques, we investigated the molecular characteristics of extractable microbial biomass and linked it to its carbon turnover time. A 13CO2 plant pulse labelling experiment was used to trace plant carbon into rhizosphere soil microbial biomass, which was obtained by chloroform fumigation extraction (CFE). 13C content in molecular size classes of extracted microbial compounds was analysed using size exclusion chromatography (SEC) coupled online to high performance liquid chromatography–isotope ratio mass spectrometry (SEC-HPLC-IRMS). Molecular characterization of microbial compounds was performed using complementary approaches, namely SEC-HPLC coupled to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (SEC-HPLC-FTIR) and electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI-FT-ICR-MS). SEC-HPLC-FTIR suggests that mid to high molecular weight (MW) microbial compounds were richer in aliphatic CH bonds, carbohydrate-like compounds and possibly PO derivatives from phospholipids. On the contrary, the lower size range was characterized by more oxidised compounds with hydroxyl, carbonyl, ether and/or carboxyl groups. ESI-FT-ICR-MS suggests that microbial compounds were largely aliphatic and richer in N than the background detrital material. Both molecular characterization tools suggest that CFE derived microbial biomass was largely lipid, carbohydrate and protein derived. SEC-HPLC-IRMS analysis revealed that 13C enrichment decreased with increasing MW of microbial compounds and the turnover time was deduced as 12.8 ± 0.6, 18.5 ± 0.6 and 22.9 ± 0.7 days for low, mid and high MW size classes, respectively. We conclude that low MW compounds represent the rapidly turned-over metabolite fraction of extractable soil microbial biomass consisting of organic acids, alcohols, amino acids and sugars; whereas, larger structural compounds are part of the cell envelope (likely membrane lipids, proteins or polysaccharides) with a much lower renewal rate. This relation of microbial carbon turnover to its molecular size, structure and composition thus highlights the significance of cellular biochemistry in determining the microbial contribution to soil carbon cycling and specifically soil organic matter formation.

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Sprache(n): eng - English
 Datum: 2016-06-05
 Publikationsstatus: Erschienen
 Seiten: 8
 Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
 Inhaltsverzeichnis: -
 Art der Begutachtung: Interne Begutachtung
 Identifikatoren: eDoc: 733552
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Titel: Soil Biology and Biochemistry
  Andere : Soil Biol. Biochem.
Genre der Quelle: Zeitschrift
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Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Seiten: - Band / Heft: 100 Artikelnummer: 1 Start- / Endseite: 66 - 73 Identifikator: ISSN: 0038-0717
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925445690