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  Structural plasticity of the social brain: Differential change after socio-affective and cognitive mental training

Valk, S. L., Bernhardt, B. C., Trautwein, F.-M., Böckler, A., Kanske, P., Guizard, N., et al. (2017). Structural plasticity of the social brain: Differential change after socio-affective and cognitive mental training. Science Advances, 3(10): e1700489. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1700489.

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 Urheber:
Valk, Sofie L.1, Autor           
Bernhardt, Boris C.1, 2, Autor           
Trautwein, Fynn-Mathis1, Autor           
Böckler, Anne1, 3, Autor           
Kanske, Philipp1, 4, Autor           
Guizard, Nicolas2, Autor
Collins, D. Louis2, Autor
Singer, Tania1, Autor           
Affiliations:
1Department Social Neuroscience, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, ou_634552              
2McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, ou_persistent22              
3Department of Psychology, Julius Maximilian University, Würzburg, Germany, ou_persistent22              
4Department of Psychology, Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, TU Dresden, Germany, ou_persistent22              

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 Zusammenfassung: Although neuroscientific research has revealed experience-dependent brain changes across the life span in sensory, motor, and cognitive domains, plasticity relating to social capacities remains largely unknown. To investigate whether the targeted mental training of different cognitive and social skills can induce specific changes in brain morphology, we collected longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data throughout a 9-month mental training intervention from a large sample of adults between 20 and 55 years of age. By means of various daily mental exercises and weekly instructed group sessions, training protocols specifically addressed three functional domains: (i) mindfulness-based attention and interoception, (ii) socio-affective skills (compassion, dealing with difficult emotions, and prosocial motivation), and (iii) socio-cognitive skills (cognitive perspective-taking on self and others and metacognition). MRI-based cortical thickness analyses, contrasting the different training modules against each other, indicated spatially diverging changes in cortical morphology. Training of present-moment focused attention mostly led to increases in cortical thickness in prefrontal regions, socio-affective training induced plasticity in frontoinsular regions, and socio-cognitive training included change in inferior frontal and lateral temporal cortices. Module-specific structural brain changes correlated with training-induced behavioral improvements in the same individuals in domain-specific measures of attention, compassion, and cognitive perspective-taking, respectively, and overlapped with task-relevant functional networks. Our longitudinal findings indicate structural plasticity in well-known socio-affective and socio-cognitive brain networks in healthy adults based on targeted short daily mental practices. These findings could promote the development of evidence-based mental training interventions in clinical, educational, and corporate settings aimed at cultivating social intelligence, prosocial motivation, and cooperation.

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Sprache(n): eng - English
 Datum: 2017-08-242017-10-04
 Publikationsstatus: Online veröffentlicht
 Seiten: -
 Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: -
 Inhaltsverzeichnis: -
 Art der Begutachtung: Expertenbegutachtung
 Identifikatoren: DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1700489
PMID: 28983507
PMC: PMC5627980
Anderer: eCollection 2017
 Art des Abschluß: -

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Projektname : -
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Förderprogramm : -
Förderorganisation : Max Planck Society
Projektname : Plasticity of the Empathic Brain: Structural and Functional MRI Studies on the Effect of Empathy Training on the Human Brain and Prosocial Behaviour / EMPATHICBRAIN
Grant ID : 205557
Förderprogramm : Funding Programme 7
Förderorganisation : European Commission (EC)
Projektname : -
Grant ID : -
Förderprogramm : -
Förderorganisation : Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)
Projektname : -
Grant ID : -
Förderprogramm : SickKids New Investigator Research grant
Förderorganisation : SickKids Foundation
Projektname : -
Grant ID : -
Förderprogramm : CIHR Foundation grant
Förderorganisation : Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)
Projektname : -
Grant ID : -
Förderprogramm : Discovery Grant
Förderorganisation : Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC
Projektname : -
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Förderprogramm : -
Förderorganisation : Fonds de recherche du Québec (FRQS)

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Titel: Science Advances
  Andere : Sci. Adv.
Genre der Quelle: Zeitschrift
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Ort, Verlag, Ausgabe: Washington : AAAS
Seiten: - Band / Heft: 3 (10) Artikelnummer: e1700489 Start- / Endseite: - Identifikator: ISSN: 2375-2548
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/2375-2548