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  Mirror electromyografic activity in the upper and lower extremity: A comparison between endurance athletes and non-athletes

Maudrich, T., Kenville, R., Lepsien, J., Villringer, A., Ragert, P., & Steele, C. (2017). Mirror electromyografic activity in the upper and lower extremity: A comparison between endurance athletes and non-athletes. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 11: 485. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00485.

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 Creators:
Maudrich, Tom1, 2, Author           
Kenville, Rouven1, 2, Author           
Lepsien, Jöran3, Author           
Villringer, Arno2, 4, Author           
Ragert, Patrick1, 2, Author           
Steele, Christopher2, 5, Author           
Affiliations:
1Institute of General Kinesiology and Athletics Training, University of Leipzig, Germany, ou_persistent22              
2Department Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, ou_634549              
3Methods and Development Unit Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, ou_634558              
4Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig, Germany, ou_persistent22              
5Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada, ou_persistent22              

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Free keywords: Mirror activity; Motor overflow; Neuroplasticity; Sports; Endurance exercise
 Abstract: During unimanual motor tasks, muscle activity may not be restricted to the contracting muscle, but rather occurs involuntarily in the contralateral resting limb, even in healthy individuals. This phenomenon has been referred to as mirror electromyographic activity (MEMG). To date, the physiological (non-pathological) form of MEMG has been observed predominately in upper extremities (UE), while remaining sparsely described in lower extremities (LE). Accordingly, evidence regarding the underlying mechanisms and modulation capability of MEMG, i.e., the extent of MEMG in dependency of exerted force during unilateral isometric contractions are insufficiently investigated in terms of LE. Furthermore, it still remains elusive if and how MEMG is affected by long-term exercise training. Here, we provide novel quantitative evidence for physiological MEMG in homologous muscles of LE (tibialis anterior (TA), rectus femoris (RF)) during submaximal unilateral dorsiflexion in healthy young adults. Furthermore, endurance athletes (EA, n = 11) show a higher extent of MEMG in LE compared to non-athletes (NA, n = 11) at high force demands (80% MVC, maximum voluntary contraction). While the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of MEMG still remain elusive, our study indicates, at least indirectly, that sport-related long-term training might affect the amount of MEMG during strong isometric contractions specifically in trained limbs. To support this assumption of exercise-induced limb-specific MEMG modulation, future studies including different sports disciplines with contrasting movement patterns and parameters should additionally be performed.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2017-06-082017-09-202017-09-29
 Publication Status: Published online
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00485
PMID: 29085288
PMC: PMC5649197
Other: eCollection 2017
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Funding organization : Max Planck Society

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Title: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
  Abbreviation : Front Hum Neurosci
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Lausanne, Switzerland : Frontiers Research Foundation
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 11 Sequence Number: 485 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 1662-5161
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/1662-5161