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Abstract:
Methanol (MeOH), dichloromethane (DCM) and 80% MeOH extractions of fourteen medicinal plants of the families Solanaceae and Lamiaceae collected
from different area of Iran were tested for their cytotoxic potential against MOLT-4 human cancer cell lines. Cytotoxicity of the tested plants indicated that 11
plants had one or two active extracts (IC50≤50): MeOH extracts of the shoots of Thymus trautvetteri, Solanum luteum and stems of Lycium shawii; DCM
extracts of the shoots of Thymus kotschyanus, Salvia persepolitana, Ballota aucheri, Nepeta glomerulosa, Hyoscyamus tenuicaulis, Salvia lachnocalyx, Salvia
sharifii as well as the stems of Salvia verticillata and the roots of Salvia multicaulis and S. lachnocalyx; 80% MeOH extracts of the shoots of T. trautvetteri, S.
luteum and the stems of L. shawii. The DCM extract of the aerial parts of S. lachnocalyx as one of the most active species was subjected to the cytotoxic
bioassay-guided fractionation and purification using combination of chromatography methods. The bioassay-guided fractionation of DCM extract of the shoots
of S. lachnocalyx led to the isolation of two cytotoxic compounds: (2Z,6Z,10Z,14E)-geranylfarnesol (1), a novel natural product, and spathulenol (2). Both of
the isolated compounds, especially 1 (IC50 range: 9.6 -20.2 μg/mL), showed good cytotoxic effects against 3 human cancer cell lines, MOLT-4, MCF-7 and
HT-29.
