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  Drastic genome reduction in an herbivore’s pectinolytic symbiont

Salem, H., Bauer, E., Kirsch, R., Berasategui, A., Cripps, M., Weiss, B., et al. (2017). Drastic genome reduction in an herbivore’s pectinolytic symbiont. Cell, 171, e1-e7. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.10.029.

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Item Permalink: https://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-002E-32E7-1 Version Permalink: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0009-3151-4
Genre: Journal Article

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2017.10.029 (Publisher version)
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 Creators:
Salem, Hassan1, 2, Author           
Bauer, Eugen, Author
Kirsch, Roy3, Author           
Berasategui, Aileen2, 4, Author           
Cripps, Michael, Author
Weiss, Benjamin1, Author           
Koga, Ryuichi, Author
Fukumori, Kayoko, Author
Vogel, Heiko3, Author           
Fukatsu, Takema, Author
Kaltenpoth, Martin1, Author           
Affiliations:
1Max Planck Research Group Insect Symbiosis, MPI for Chemical Ecology, Max Planck Society, ou_421897              
2IMPRS on Ecological Interactions, MPI for Chemical Ecology, Max Planck Society, Jena, DE, ou_421900              
3Department of Entomology, Prof. D. G. Heckel, MPI for Chemical Ecology, Max Planck Society, ou_421895              
4Department of Biochemistry, Prof. J. Gershenzon, MPI for Chemical Ecology, Max Planck Society, ou_421893              

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 Abstract: Pectin, an integral component of the plant cell wall, is a recalcitrant substrate against enzymatic challenges
by most animals. In characterizing the source
of a leaf beetle’s (Cassida rubiginosa) pectin-degrading
phenotype, we demonstrate its dependency on
an extracellular bacterium housed in specialized organs
connected to the foregut. Despite possessing
the smallest genome (0.27 Mb) of any organism not
subsisting within a host cell, the symbiont nonetheless
retained a functional pectinolytic metabolism
targeting the polysaccharide’s two most abundant
classes: homogalacturonan and rhamnogalacturonan
I. Comparative transcriptomics revealed pectinase
expression to be enriched in the symbiotic
organs, consistent with enzymatic buildup in these
structures following immunostaining with pectinase-
targeting antibodies. Symbiont elimination results
in a drastically reduced host survivorship and
a diminished capacity to degrade pectin. Collectively,
our findings highlight symbiosis as a strategy
for an herbivore to metabolize one of nature’s most
complex polysaccharides and a universal component of plant tissues.

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 Dates: 20172017-12-14
 Publication Status: Published online
 Pages: -
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 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: -
 Identifiers: Other: KAL078
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.10.029
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Title: Cell
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Cambridge, Mass. : Cell Press
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 171 Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: e1 - e7 Identifier: ISSN: 0092-8674
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925463183