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Abstract:
Allergy and asthma have roots in imbalances in immune cell homeostasis, namely a shift towards T-helper 2 (T)h2)-driven increases of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immunity. Here, we describe the transcriptional processes that lead to the emergence of the immunological actors of allergy and asthma, i.e. Th2, type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILC2), mast, IgE plasma and regulatory T-cells (reg), as well as to the advent of imbalances towards Th2 responses in pathological cases. We review in detail the latest advance in terms of genome-wide characterisation of the transcriptional landscapes of the protagonists of allergy and asthma, both in norma and pathological contexts if available, as well as a summary of current clinical approaches and discuss the requirement for further functional-based genome-wide characterisation of mechanisms that can lead to the attenuation of these conditions.
