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  Two methods for estimating limits to large-scale wind power generation

Miller, L. M., Brunsell, N. A., Mechem, D. B., Gans, F., Monaghan, A. J., Vautard, R., et al. (2015). Two methods for estimating limits to large-scale wind power generation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 112, 11169-11174. doi:10.1073/pnas.1408251112.

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Item Permalink: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-5ECB-2 Version Permalink: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-5ECC-1
Genre: Journal Article

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 Creators:
Miller, Lee M.1, Author
Brunsell, Nathaniel A., Author
Mechem, David B., Author
Gans, Fabian, Author
Monaghan, Andrew J., Author
Vautard, Robert, Author
Keith, David W., Author
Kleidon, and Axel, Author
Affiliations:
1Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Max Planck Society, Hans-Knöll-Str. 10, 07745 Jena, DE, ou_1497750              

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 Abstract: Wind turbines remove kinetic energy from the atmospheric flow, which reduces wind speeds and limits generation rates of large wind farms. These interactions can be approximated using a vertical kinetic energy (VKE) flux method, which predicts that the maximum power generation potential is 26% of the instantaneous downward transport of kinetic energy using the preturbine climatology. We compare the energy flux method to the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) regional atmospheric model equipped with a wind turbine parameterization over a 105 km2 region in the central United States. The WRF simulations yield a maximum generation of 1.1 We·m−2, whereas the VKE method predicts the time series while underestimating the maximum generation rate by about 50%. Because VKE derives the generation limit from the preturbine climatology, potential changes in the vertical kinetic energy flux from the free atmosphere are not considered. Such changes are important at night when WRF estimates are about twice the VKE value because wind turbines interact with the decoupled nocturnal low-level jet in this region. Daytime estimates agree better to 20% because the wind turbines induce comparatively small changes to the downward kinetic energy flux. This combination of downward transport limits and wind speed reductions explains why large-scale wind power generation in windy regions is limited to about 1 We·m−2, with VKE capturing this combination in a comparatively simple way.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 20152015-08-242015-09-08
 Publication Status: Published in print
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1408251112
 Degree: -

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Title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
  Other : Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Washington, DC : National Academy of Sciences
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 112 Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 11169 - 11174 Identifier: ISSN: 0027-8424
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925427230