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Abstract:
Introduction: We require spatial problem solving skills
regularly not only for common tasks, but also in dangerous
circumstances such as emergency procedures, as the fire
department encounters on a regular basis. Despite its
importance, the topic has not been sufficiently investigated. Understanding the underlying cognitive
processes that are involved in solving these problems will
help provide supportive software and training methods to
make collaborative spatial search more efficient and ideally
less dangerous. Methods: The presented study aims to continue previous research conducted using two-dimensional
means. We try to replicate previous findings in two
experiments using an immersive virtual environment and
investigate the extent of how a common reference frame can
influence collaborative spatial search. Additionally, this
study allows to examine how seeing your own orientation can
influence spatial problem solving individually. Results:
Results of two experiment suggest differences in performance
between individual and collaborative search concerning
complexity, showing a clear advantage of collaborative
search when it comes to time, while the efficiency of each
participant suffers greatly in these cases. A second experiment using common reference frames by introducing a
compass-like arrow for collaborative search does not give
a general advantage. The use of a compass may give a slight
advantage for individuals in less complex environments.
Discussion: It becomes clear that shared mental models do
not automatically give an advantage in a realistic three-dimensional setting without training. Common reference
frames should therefore not be generalized and need to be
further investigated and differentiated to be integrated
into supportive software or training methods.
