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  Evolution of Alternative Adaptive Immune Systems in Vertebrates

Boehm, T., Hirano, M., Holland, S. J., Das, S., Schorpp, M., & Cooper, M. D. (2018). Evolution of Alternative Adaptive Immune Systems in Vertebrates. Annual Review of Immunology, 36, 19-42. doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-042617-053028.

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Boehm, Thomas1, Author           
Hirano, Masayuki2, Author
Holland, Stephen J.1, Author
Das, Sabyasachi2, Author
Schorpp, Michael1, Author
Cooper, Max D.2, Author
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1Department of Developmental Immunology, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Max Planck Society, ou_2243647              
2Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, USA, ou_persistent22              

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Free keywords: lamprey, variable lymphocyte receptor, T-like cell, B-like cell, cytidine deaminase, gene conversion
 Abstract: Adaptive immunity in jawless fishes is based on antigen recognition by three types of variable lymphocyte receptors (VLRs) composed of variable leucine-rich repeats, which are differentially expressed by two T-like lymphocyte lineages and one B-like lymphocyte lineage. The T-like cells express either VLRAs or VLRCs of yet undefined antigen specificity, whereas the VLRB antibodies secreted by B-like cells bind proteinaceous and carbohydrate antigens. The incomplete VLR germline genes are assembled into functional units by a gene conversion-like mechanism that employs flanking variable leucine-rich repeat sequences as templates in association with lineage-specific expression of cytidine deaminases. B-like cells develop in the hematopoietic typhlosole and kidneys, whereas T-like cells develop in the thymoid, a thymus-equivalent region at the gill fold tips. Thus, the dichotomy between T-like and B-like cells and the presence of dedicated lymphopoietic tissues emerge as ancestral vertebrate features, whereas the somatic diversification of structurally distinct antigen receptor genes evolved independently in jawless and jawed vertebrates.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2018
 Publication Status: Published online
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 Rev. Type: Peer
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Title: Annual Review of Immunology
  Abbreviation : Annu. Rev. Immunol.
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Palo Alto, Calif., USA : Annual Reviews Inc.
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 36 Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 19 - 42 Identifier: ISSN: 1545-3278
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/1545-3278