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Abstract:
As we are witnessing the renaissance of electrochemistry, particularly noticeable is emerging interest in the electrochemical energy conversion and storage. Today, general tendencies are intensive research activities in the material's science, what has been useful in the process of electrode design. However, papers offering in-depth conceptual understanding of electroctalytic processes are rare. One of the perpetual challenges in electrocatalysis is irreversibility of oxygen electrode. As complexity of oxygen electrochemistry requires comprehensive understanding of interfacial phenomena, within this critical review the boundaries of existing knowledge about the oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution are re-visited. Intention is to give diagnostics about the key challenges in oxygen electrocatalysis. Key conceptual contributions relevant to the electrochemistry of oxygen are reconsidered, as well as the core of the current theory of electrocatalysis. Finally, key questions are formulated and perspectives for future comprehensive analysis are given. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.