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  Recognizing visual speech: Reduced responses in visual-movement regions, but not other speech regions in autism

Borowiak, K., Schelinski, S., & von Kriegstein, K. (2018). Recognizing visual speech: Reduced responses in visual-movement regions, but not other speech regions in autism. NeuroImage: Clinical, 20, 1078-1091. doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2018.09.019.

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 Creators:
Borowiak, Kamila1, 2, 3, Author           
Schelinski, Stefanie1, 3, Author           
von Kriegstein, Katharina1, 3, Author           
Affiliations:
1Max Planck Research Group Neural Mechanisms of Human Communication, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, ou_634556              
2Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt University Berlin, Germany, ou_persistent22              
3TU Dresden, Germany, ou_persistent22              

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Free keywords: High-functioning autism; Lip reading; Atypical perception; Motion; fMRI; Face
 Abstract: Speech information inherent in face movements is important for understanding what is said in face-to-face communication. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have difficulties in extracting speech information from face movements, a process called visual-speech recognition. Currently, it is unknown what dysfunctional brain regions or networks underlie the visual-speech recognition deficit in ASD.

We conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study with concurrent eye tracking to investigate visual-speech recognition in adults diagnosed with high-functioning autism and pairwise matched typically developed controls.

Compared to the control group (n = 17), the ASD group (n = 17) showed decreased Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) response during visual-speech recognition in the right visual area 5 (V5/MT) and left temporal visual speech area (TVSA) – brain regions implicated in visual-movement perception. The right V5/MT showed positive correlation with visual-speech task performance in the ASD group, but not in the control group. Psychophysiological interaction analysis (PPI) revealed that functional connectivity between the left TVSA and the bilateral V5/MT and between the right V5/MT and the left IFG was lower in the ASD than in the control group. In contrast, responses in other speech-motor regions and their connectivity were on the neurotypical level.

Reduced responses and network connectivity of the visual-movement regions in conjunction with intact speech-related mechanisms indicate that perceptual mechanisms might be at the core of the visual-speech recognition deficit in ASD. Communication deficits in ASD might at least partly stem from atypical sensory processing and not higher-order cognitive processing of socially relevant information.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2018-09-192018-05-092018-09-212018-09-24
 Publication Status: Published online
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.09.019
PMID: 30368195
PMC: PMC6202694
Other: Epub 2018
 Degree: -

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Project name : The tiny and the fast: The role of subcortical sensory structures in human communication / SENSOCOM
Grant ID : 647051
Funding program : Horizon 2020
Funding organization : European Commission (EC)
Project name : -
Grant ID : -
Funding program : Max Planck Research Group Grant
Funding organization : Max Planck Society
Project name : -
Grant ID : -
Funding program : -
Funding organization : Elsa-Neumann-Scholarship

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Title: NeuroImage: Clinical
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Elsevier
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 20 Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 1078 - 1091 Identifier: ISSN: 2213-1582
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/2213-1582