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  Invasive and non-invasive stimulation of the obese human brain

Pleger, B. (2018). Invasive and non-invasive stimulation of the obese human brain. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 12: 884. doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00884.

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 Creators:
Pleger, Burkhard1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, Author           
Affiliations:
1Department Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, ou_634549              
2Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany, ou_persistent22              
3Integrated Research and Treatment Center Adiposity Diseases, University of Leipzig, Germany, ou_persistent22              
4BMBF nutriCARD, Center of Veterinary Public Health, University of Leipzig, Germany, ou_persistent22              
5Collaborative Research Center Obesity Mechanisms, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Leipzig, Germany, ou_persistent22              
6Collaborative Research Centre 874 “Integration and Representation of Sensory Processes”, Ruhr University , Bochum, Germany , ou_persistent22              

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Free keywords: Obesity; Brain stimulation; Transcranial direct current stimulation; Repetitive transcranial stimulation; Deep brain stimulation; Vagal nerve stimulation
 Abstract: Accumulating evidence suggests that non-invasive and invasive brain stimulation may reduce food craving and calorie consumption rendering these techniques potential treatment options for obesity. Non-invasive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) or repetitive transcranial magnet stimulation (rTMS) are used to modulate activity in superficially located executive control regions, such as the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Modulation of the DLPFC’s activity may alter executive functioning and food reward processing in interconnected dopamine-rich regions such as the striatum or orbitofrontal cortex. Modulation of reward processing can also be achieved by invasive deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting the nucleus accumbens. Another target for DBS is the lateral hypothalamic area potentially leading to improved energy expenditure. To date, available evidence is, however, restricted to few exceptional cases of morbid obesity. The vagal nerve plays a crucial role in signaling the homeostatic demand to the brain. Invasive or non-invasive vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) is thus assumed to reduce appetite, rendering VNS another possible treatment option for obesity. Based on currently available evidence, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration recently approved VNS for the treatment of obesity. This review summarizes scientific evidence regarding these techniques’ efficacy in modulating food craving and calorie intake. It is time for large controlled clinical trials that are necessary to translate currently available research discoveries into patient care.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2018-08-152018-11-132018-11-29
 Publication Status: Published online
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00884
PMID: 30555295
PMC: PMC6281888
Other: eCollection 2018
 Degree: -

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Project name : -
Grant ID : 01E01001
Funding program : -
Funding organization : IFB Adiposity Diseases, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
Project name : Obesity Mechanisms / SFB 1052
Grant ID : -
Funding program : -
Funding organization : German Research Foundation (DFG)
Project name : Integration and Representation of Sensory Processes / SFB 874
Grant ID : -
Funding program : -
Funding organization : German Research Foundation (DFG)

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Title: Frontiers in Neuroscience
  Other : Front Neurosci
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Lausanne, Switzerland : Frontiers Research Foundation
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 12 Sequence Number: 884 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 1662-4548
ISSN: 1662-453X
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/1662-4548