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  Radiative forcing from the 1991 Mount Pinatubo volcanic eruption

Stenchikov, G. L., Kirchner, I., Robock, A., Graf, H.-F., Antuña, J. C., Grainger, R. G., et al. (1998). Radiative forcing from the 1991 Mount Pinatubo volcanic eruption. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 103, 13837-13857. doi:10.1029/98JD00693.

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Item Permalink: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0004-ECBD-E Version Permalink: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0005-A345-5
Genre: Journal Article

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 Creators:
Stenchikov, Georgiy L.1, Author
Kirchner, Ingo2, Author
Robock, Alan1, Author
Graf, Hans-F.2, Author
Antuña, Juan Carlos1, Author
Grainger, Roy Grainger3, Author
Lambert, Alyn3, Author
Thomason, Larry4, Author
Affiliations:
1Department of Meteorology, University of Maryland, College Park Maryland 20742 U.S.A., ou_persistent22              
2MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society, Bundesstraße 53, 20146 Hamburg, DE, ou_913545              
3Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics ; Oxford University , Oxford University G.B.., ou_persistent22              
4NASA, Langley Research Center, Hampton Virginia U.S.A., ou_persistent22              

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Free keywords: aerosol; radiative forcing; volcanic eruption
 Abstract: Volcanic sulfate aerosols in the stratosphere produce significant long-term solar and infrared radiative perturbations in the Earth's atmosphere and at the surface, which cause a response of the climate system. Here we study the fundamental process of the development of this volcanic radiative forcing, focusing on the eruption of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines on June 15, 1991. We develop a spectral-, space-, and time-dependent set of aerosol parameters for 2 years after the Pinatubo eruption using a combination of SAGE II aerosol extinctions and UARS-retrieved effective radii, supported by SAM II, AVHRR, lidar and balloon observations. Using these data, we calculate the aerosol radiative forcing with the ECHAM4 general circulation model (GCM) for cases with climatological and observed sea surface temperature (SST), as well as with and without climate response. We find that the aerosol radiative forcing is not sensitive to the climate variations caused by SST or the atmospheric response to the aerosols, except in regions with varying dense cloudiness. The solar forcing in the near infrared contributes substantially to the total stratospheric heating. A complete formulation of radiative forcing should include not only changes of net fluxes at the tropopause but also the vertical distribution of atmospheric heating rates and the change of downward thermal and net solar radiative fluxes at the surface. These forcing and aerosol data are available for GCM experiments with any spatial and spectral resolution. Copyright 1998 by the American Geophysical Union.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 1998
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
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 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1029/98JD00693
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Title: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
  Other : JGR-D
  Abbreviation : J. Geophys. Res. - D
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Washington, D.C. : American Geophysical Union
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 103 Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 13837 - 13857 Identifier: ISSN: 0148-0227
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/991042728714264_1

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Title: Report / Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie
  Other : MPI Report
Source Genre: Series
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Publ. Info: Hamburg : Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 231 Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 0937-1060
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/0937-1060