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  Rapid mixing of colliding picoliter liquid droplets delivered through-space from piezoelectric-actuated pipettes characterized by time-resolved fluorescence monitoring

Wu, L. Y., Tellkamp, F., Khajehpour, M., Robertson, W., & Miller, R. J. D. (2019). Rapid mixing of colliding picoliter liquid droplets delivered through-space from piezoelectric-actuated pipettes characterized by time-resolved fluorescence monitoring. Review of Scientific Instruments, 90(5): 055109. doi:10.1063/1.5050270.

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This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Rev. Sci. Instrum. Vol. 90 Iss. 5 and may be found at https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.5050270.
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https://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5050270 (Publisher version)
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 Creators:
Wu, L. Y.1, 2, Author           
Tellkamp, F.3, Author           
Khajehpour, M.4, Author
Robertson, W.2, 5, Author           
Miller, R. J. D.2, 6, Author           
Affiliations:
1Division of Engineering Science, University of Toronto, ou_persistent22              
2Miller Group, Atomically Resolved Dynamics Department, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society, ou_1938288              
3Machine Physics, Scientific Service Units, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society, ou_2074322              
4Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, ou_persistent22              
5Quantum Systems Division, Georgia Tech Research Institute, ou_persistent22              
6Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of Toronto, ou_persistent22              

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 Abstract: Rapid mixing of aqueous solutions is a crucial first step to study the kinetics of fast biochemical reactions with high temporal resolution. Remarkable progress toward this goal has been made through the development of advanced stopped-flow mixing techniques resulting in reduced dead times, and thereby extending reaction monitoring capabilities to numerous biochemical systems. Concurrently, piezoelectric actuators for through-space liquid droplet sample delivery have also been applied in several experimental systems, providing discrete picoliter sample volume delivery and precision sample deposition onto a surface, free of confinement within microfluidic devices, tubing, or other physical constraints. Here, we characterize the inertial mixing kinetics of two aqueous droplets (130 pl) produced by piezoelectric-actuated pipettes, following droplet collision in free space and deposition on a surface in a proof of principle experiment. A time-resolved fluorescence system was developed to monitor the mixing and fluorescence quenching of 5-carboxytetramethylrhodamine (5-Tamra) and N-Bromosuccinimide, which we show to occur in less than 10 ms. In this respect, this methodology is unique in that it offers millisecond mixing capabilities for very small quantities of discrete sample volumes. Furthermore, the use of discrete droplets for sample delivery and mixing in free space provides potential advantages, including the elimination of the requirement for a physical construction as with microfluidic systems, and thereby makes possible and extends the experimental capabilities of many systems.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2018-07-292019-04-272019-05-212019-05
 Publication Status: Issued
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 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1063/1.5050270
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Project name : This work was supported by the Max Planck Society. We would like to thank Jessica Besaw and William Stuart for their help in the assembly and testing of the Microdrop autopipette system.
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Title: Review of Scientific Instruments
  Abbreviation : Rev. Sci. Instrum.
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Melville, NY : AIP Publishing
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 90 (5) Sequence Number: 055109 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 0034-6748
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/991042742033452