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  T1ρ‐based dynamic glucose‐enhanced (DGEρ) MRI at 3 T: method development and early clinical experience in the human brain

Herz, K., Lindig, T., Deshmane, A., Schittenhelm, J., Skardelly, M., Bender, B., et al. (2019). T1ρ‐based dynamic glucose‐enhanced (DGEρ) MRI at 3 T: method development and early clinical experience in the human brain. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 82(5), 1832-1847. doi:10.1002/mrm.27857.

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Herz, K1, 2, Author           
Lindig, T1, 2, Author           
Deshmane, A1, 2, Author           
Schittenhelm, J, Author
Skardelly, M, Author
Bender, B, Author           
Ernemann, U, Author
Scheffler, K1, 2, Author           
Zaiss, M1, 2, Author           
Affiliations:
1Department High-Field Magnetic Resonance, Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max Planck Society, ou_1497796              
2Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Max Planck Society, ou_1497794              

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 Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this study was to translate the T1ρ‐based dynamic glucose‐enhanced (DGEρ) experiment from ultrahigh magnetic field strengths to a clinical field strength of 3 T. Although the protocol would seem to be as simple as gadolinium‐enhanced imaging, several obstacles had to be addressed, including signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), robustness of contrast, and postprocessing, especially motion correction.
Methods
Spin‐lock based presaturation and a 3D gradient‐echo snapshot readout were optimized for 3 T with regard to robustness, chemical exchange saturation transfer effect strength, and SNR. Postprocessing steps, including dynamic B0 and motion correction, were analyzed and optimized in 7 healthy volunteers. The final protocol, including glucose injection, was applied to 3 glioblastoma patients.
Results
With appropriate postprocessing, motion‐related artifacts could be drastically reduced, and an SNR of approximately 90 could be achieved for a single dynamic measurement. In 2 patients with blood–brain barrier breakdown, a significant glucose uptake could be observed with a DGEρ effect strength in the range of 0.4% of the water signal. Thorough analysis of possible residual motion revealed that the statistical evidence can decrease when tested against pseudo effects attributed to uncorrected motion.
Conclusion
DGEρ imaging was optimized for clinical field strengths of 3 T, and a robust protocol was established for broader application. Early experience shows that DGEρ seems possible at 3 T and could not only be attributed to motion artifacts. Observed DGEρ maps showed unique patterns, partly matching with the T1‐ce tumor ring enhancement. However, effect sizes are small and careful clinical application is necessary.

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 Dates: 2019-062019-11
 Publication Status: Issued
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 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27857
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Title: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: New York : Wiley-Liss
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 82 (5) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 1832 - 1847 Identifier: ISSN: 0740-3194
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925538149