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  Towards a Political Economy of Monetary Dependency: The Case of the CFA Franc in West Africa

Koddenbrock, K., & Sylla, N. S. (2019). Towards a Political Economy of Monetary Dependency: The Case of the CFA Franc in West Africa. MaxPo Discussion Paper, 19/2.

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 Creators:
Koddenbrock, Kai1, Author
Sylla, Ndongo Samba2, Author
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1Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany, ou_persistent22              
2Fondation Rosa Luxemburg, Regional Office of West Africa, Dakar, Senegal, ou_persistent22              

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Free keywords: CFA franc, colonialism, dependency, monetary sovereignty, money, West Africa; Afrique de l’Ouest, colonialisme, dépendance, franc CFA, monnaie, souveraineté monétaire
 Abstract: This paper focuses on the most neglected case of monetary dependency: the CFA franc. This currency arrangement was born in 1945, during the colonial era, but it still operates in the same ways more than 70 years later in fourteen countries in Africa, mostly former French colonies. Engaging with the seminal African scholarship by Joseph Pouemi on internal and external monetary repression and the emergent literature on “financial subordination,” we introduce the notion of the “chain of monetary dependency,” consisting of an external and an internal part. We argue that the CFA franc provides an extreme but paradigmatic example of this chain. The CFA franc is paradigmatic because of the very strong external repression of monetary and financial policy through US dollar and euro dependence. Internally, the CFA franc arrangement radicalizes the constraints imposed on all central bank policies and bank-firm relations in the Global South and makes it more difficult to pursue growth strategies geared towards the well-being of the broader population.
 Abstract: Cet article porte sur le cas de dépendance monétaire le plus occulté : le franc CFA. Cet arrangement monétaire est né en 1945 pendant la période coloniale mais fonctionne toujours de la même manière plus de 70 ans plus tard dans 14 pays d’Afrique, pour la plupart d’anciennes colonies françaises. En nous inspirant des travaux académiques pionniers de Joseph Pouemi sur la répression monétaire interne et externe ainsi que de la littérature émergente sur la « subordination financière », nous introduisons la notion de « chaîne de dépendance monétaire » constituée d’une partie externe et interne. Nous soutenons que le franc CFA est un exemple extrême mais paradigmatique de cette chaîne. Le franc CFA est paradigmatique en raison de la répression externe très forte de la politique monétaire et financière s’exerçant à travers la dépendance au dollar américain et à l’euro. Sur le plan interne, le franc CFA radicalise les contraintes imposées dans le Sud global aux politiques des banques centrales et aux relations entre les banques et les entreprises et rend plus difficile la mise en oeuvre de stratégies de croissance axées sur le bien-être de l’ensemble de la population.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2019-022019
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: vi, 30
 Publishing info: Paris : MaxPo
 Table of Contents: Abbreviations
Introduction
Monetary dependency and the existing literature
Joseph Pouemi on “money, serfdom, and freedom”
The WAMU as a case of monetary dependency
The CFA franc and its roots in French colonialism and Second World War France
External monetary repression: The CFA franc’s four operating principles and their paradigmatic meaning
The distributional outcomes of the CFA franc
France: Governmental and corporate profiteers
WAMU winners and losers
Conclusion
References
 Rev. Type: Internal
 Identifiers: -
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Title: MaxPo Discussion Paper
Source Genre: Series
 Creator(s):
Max Planck Sciences Po Center on Coping with Instability in Market Societies (MaxPo), MPI for the Study of Societies, Max Planck Society, Editor              
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Publ. Info: -
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 19/2 Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 2196-6508
ISSN: 2197-3075