Search for transient optical counterparts to high-energy IceCube neutrinos with 
Pan-STARRS1

Huber, M.; Smartt, S. J.; Chambers, K.; Smith, K. W.; McBrien, O.; Chen, T.-W.; Flewelling, H.; Lowe, T.; Magnier, E.; Schultz, A.; Waters, C.; Wainscoat, R. J.; Willman, M.; Wright, D.; Young, D.; Huber, M.; Smartt, S. J.; Chambers, K.; Smith, K. W.; McBrien, O.; Chen, T.-W.; Flewelling, H.; Lowe, T.; Magnier, E.; Schultz, A.; Waters, C.; Wainscoat, R. J.; Willman, M.; Wright, D.; Young, D.; Aartsen, M. G.; Ackermann, M.; Adams, J.; Aguilar, J. A.; Ahlers, M.; Ahrens, M.; Alispach, C.; Altmann, D.; Andeen, K.; Anderson, T.; Ansseau, I.; Anton, G.; Argüelles, C.; enberg, J. Au; Axani, S.; Backes, P.; Bagherpour, H.; Bai, X.; Barbano, A.; Barwick, S. W.; Baum, V.; Bay, R.; Beatty, J. J.; Becker, K.-H.; Tjus, J. Becker; BenZvi, S.; Berley, D.; Bernardini, E.; Besson, D. Z.; Binder, G.; Bindig, D.; Blaufuss, E.; Blot, S.; Bohm, C.; Börner, M.; Böser, S.; Botner, O.; Bourbeau, E.; Bourbeau, J.; Bradascio, F.; Braun, J.; Bretz, H.-P.; Bron, S.; Brostean-Kaiser, J.; Burgman, A.; Busse, R. S.; Carver, T.; Chen, C.; Cheung, E.; Chirkin, D.; Clark, K.; Classen, L.; Collin, G. H.; Conrad, J. M.; Coppin, P.; Correa, P.; Cowen, D. F.; Cross, R.; Dave, P.; de André, J. P. A. M.; Clercq, C. De; DeLaunay, J. J.; Dembinski, H.; Deoskar, K.; Ridder, S. De; Desiati, P.; de Vries, K. D.; de Wasseige, G.; de With, M.; DeYoung, T.; Díaz-Vélez, J. C.; Dujmovic, H.; Dunkman, M.; Dvorak, E.; Eberhardt, B.; Ehrhardt, T.; Eller, P.; Evenson, P. A.; Fahey, S.; Fazely, A. R.; Felde, J.; Filimonov, K.; Finley, C.; Franckowiak, A.; Friedman, E.; Fritz, A.; Gaisser, T. K.; Gallagher, J.; Ganster, E.; Garrappa, S.; Gerhardt, L.; Ghorbani, K.; Glauch, T.; Glüsenkamp, T.; Goldschmidt, A.; Gonzalez, J. G.; Grant, D.; Grith, Z.; Gündüz, M.; Haack, C.; Hallgren, A.; Halve, L.; Halzen, F.; Hanson, K.; Hebecker, D.; Heereman, D.; Helbing, K.; Hellauer, R.; Henningsen, F.; Hickford, S.; Hignight, J.; Hill, G. C.; man, K. D. Ho; mann, R. Ho; Hoinka, T.; Hokanson-Fasig, B.; Hoshina, K.; Huang, F.; Huber, M.; Hultqvist, K.; Hünnefeld, M.; Hussain, R.; In, S.; Iovine, N.; Ishihara, A.; Jacobi, E.; Japaridze, G. S.; Jeong, M.; Jero, K.; Jones, B. J. P.; Kalaczynski, P.; Kang, W.; Kappes, A.; Kappesser, D.; Karg, T.; Karl, M.; Karle, A.; Katz, U.; Kauer, M.; Keivani, A.; Kelley, J. L.; Kheirandish, A.; Kim, J.; Kintscher, T.; Kiryluk, J.; Kittler, T.; Klein, S. R.; Koirala, R.; Kolanoski, H.; Köpke, L.; Kopper, C.; Kopper, S.; Koskinen, D. J.; Kowalski, M.; Krings, K.; Krückl, G.; Kulacz, N.; Kunwar, S.; Kurahashi, N.; Kyriacou, A.; Labare, M.; Lanfranchi, J. L.; Larson, M. J.; Lauber, F.; Lazar, J. P.; Leonard, K.; Leuermann, M.; Liu, Q. R.; Lohfink, E.; Mariscal, C. J. Lozano; Lu, L.; Lucarelli, F.; Lünemann, J.; Luszczak, W.; Madsen, J.; Maggi, G.; Mahn, K. B. M.; Makino, Y.; Mallot, K.; Mancina, S.; Mariş, I. C.; Maruyama, R.; Mase, K.; Maunu, R.; Meagher, K.; Medici, M.; Medina, A.; Meier, M.; Meighen-Berger, S.; Menne, T.; Merino, G.; Meures, T.; Miarecki, S.; Micallef, J.; Momenté, G.; Montaruli, T.; Moore, R. W.; Moulai, M.; Nagai, R.; Nahnhauer, R.; Nakarmi, P.; Naumann, U.; Neer, G.; Niederhausen, H.; Nowicki, S. C.; Nygren, D. R.; Pollmann, A. Obertacke; Olivas, A.; O’Murchadha, A.; O’Sullivan, E.; Palczewski, T.; Pandya, H.; Pankova, D. V.; Park, N.; er, P. Pei; de Heros, C. Pérez los; Pieloth, D.; Pinat, E.; Pizzuto, A.; Plum, M.; Price, P. B.; Przybylski, G. T.; Raab, C.; Raissi, A.; Rameez, M.; Rauch, L.; Rawlins, K.; Rea, I. C.; Reimann, R.; Relethford, B.; Renzi, G.; Resconi, E.; Rhode, W.; Richman, M.; Robertson, S.; Rongen, M.; Rott, C.; Ruhe, T.; Ryckbosch, D.; Rysewyk, D.; Safa, I.; Herrera, S. E. Sanchez; Sandrock, A.; Sandroos, J.; Santander, M.; Sarkar, S.; Sarkar, S.; Satalecka, K.; Schaufel, M.; Schlunder, P.; Schmidt, T.; Schneider, A.; Schneider, J.; Schumacher, L.; Sclafani, S.; Seckel, D.; Seunarine, S.; Silva, M.; Snihur, R.; Soedingrekso, J.; Soldin, D.; Song, M.; Spiczak, G. M.; Spiering, C.; Stachurska, J.; Stamatikos, M.; Stanev, T.; Stasik, A.; Stein, R.; Stettner, J.; Steuer, A.; Stezelberger, T.; Stokstad, R. G.; Stößl, A.; Strotjohann, N. L.; Stuttard, T.; Sullivan, G. W.; Sutherland, M.; Taboada, I.; Tenholt, F.; Ter-Antonyan, S.; Terliuk, A.; Tilav, S.; Tomankova, L.; Tönnis, C.; Toscano, S.; Tosi, D.; Tselengidou, M.; Tung, C. F.; Turcati, A.; Turcotte, R.; Turley, C. F.; Ty, B.; Unger, E.; Elorrieta, M. A. Unland; Usner, M.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Driessche, W. Van; van Eijk, D.; van Eijndhoven, N.; Vanheule, S.; van Santen, J.; Vraeghe, M.; Walck, C.; Wallace, A.; Wallra, M.; Wandkowsky, N.; Watson, T. B.; Weaver, C.; Weiss, M. J.; Weldert, J.; Wendt, C.; Werthebach, J.; Westerho, S.; Whelan, B. J.; Whitehorn, N.; Wiebe, K.; Wiebusch, C. H.; Wille, L.; Williams, D. R.; Wills, L.; Wolf, M.; Wood, J.; Wood, T. R.; Woschnagg, K.; Wrede, G.; Xu, D. L.; Xu, X. W.; Xu, Y.; Yanez, J. P.; Yodh, G.; Yoshida, S.; Yuan, T.; Nordin, J.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935171

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Search for transient optical counterparts to high-energy IceCube neutrinos with Pan-STARRS1

Huber, M., Smartt, S. J., Chambers, K., Smith, K. W., McBrien, O., Chen, T.-W., et al. (2019). Search for transient optical counterparts to high-energy IceCube neutrinos with Pan-STARRS1. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 626: A117. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935171.

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Huber, M., Author
Smartt, S. J., Author
Chambers, K., Author
Smith, K. W., Author
McBrien, O., Author
Chen, T.-W.¹, Author
Flewelling, H., Author
Lowe, T., Author
Magnier, E., Author
Schultz, A., Author
Waters, C., Author
Wainscoat, R. J., Author
Willman, M., Author
Wright, D., Author
Young, D., Author
Huber, M., Author
Smartt, S. J., Author
Chambers, K., Author
Smith, K. W., Author
McBrien, O., Author
Chen, T.-W., AuthorFlewelling, H., AuthorLowe, T., AuthorMagnier, E., AuthorSchultz, A., AuthorWaters, C., AuthorWainscoat, R. J., AuthorWillman, M., AuthorWright, D., AuthorYoung, D., AuthorAartsen, M. G., AuthorAckermann, M., AuthorAdams, J., AuthorAguilar, J. A., AuthorAhlers, M., AuthorAhrens, M., AuthorAlispach, C., AuthorAltmann, D., AuthorAndeen, K., AuthorAnderson, T., AuthorAnsseau, I., AuthorAnton, G., AuthorArgüelles, C., Authorenberg, J. Au, AuthorAxani, S., AuthorBackes, P., AuthorBagherpour, H., AuthorBai, X., AuthorBarbano, A., AuthorBarwick, S. W., AuthorBaum, V., AuthorBay, R., AuthorBeatty, J. J., AuthorBecker, K.-H., AuthorTjus, J. Becker, AuthorBenZvi, S., AuthorBerley, D., AuthorBernardini, E., AuthorBesson, D. Z., AuthorBinder, G., AuthorBindig, D., AuthorBlaufuss, E., AuthorBlot, S., AuthorBohm, C., AuthorBörner, M., AuthorBöser, S., AuthorBotner, O., AuthorBourbeau, E., AuthorBourbeau, J., AuthorBradascio, F., AuthorBraun, J., AuthorBretz, H.-P., AuthorBron, S., AuthorBrostean-Kaiser, J., AuthorBurgman, A., AuthorBusse, R. S., AuthorCarver, T., AuthorChen, C., AuthorCheung, E., AuthorChirkin, D., AuthorClark, K., AuthorClassen, L., AuthorCollin, G. H., AuthorConrad, J. M., AuthorCoppin, P., AuthorCorrea, P., AuthorCowen, D. F., AuthorCross, R., AuthorDave, P., Authorde André, J. P. A. M., AuthorClercq, C. De, AuthorDeLaunay, J. J., AuthorDembinski, H., AuthorDeoskar, K., AuthorRidder, S. De, AuthorDesiati, P., Authorde Vries, K. D., Authorde Wasseige, G., Authorde With, M., AuthorDeYoung, T., AuthorDíaz-Vélez, J. C., AuthorDujmovic, H., AuthorDunkman, M., AuthorDvorak, E., AuthorEberhardt, B., AuthorEhrhardt, T., AuthorEller, P., AuthorEvenson, P. A., AuthorFahey, S., AuthorFazely, A. R., AuthorFelde, J., AuthorFilimonov, K., AuthorFinley, C., AuthorFranckowiak, A., AuthorFriedman, E., AuthorFritz, A., AuthorGaisser, T. K., AuthorGallagher, J., AuthorGanster, E., AuthorGarrappa, S., AuthorGerhardt, L., AuthorGhorbani, K., AuthorGlauch, T., AuthorGlüsenkamp, T., AuthorGoldschmidt, A., AuthorGonzalez, J. G., AuthorGrant, D., AuthorGrith, Z., AuthorGündüz, M., AuthorHaack, C., AuthorHallgren, A., AuthorHalve, L., AuthorHalzen, F., AuthorHanson, K., AuthorHebecker, D., AuthorHeereman, D., AuthorHelbing, K., AuthorHellauer, R., AuthorHenningsen, F., AuthorHickford, S., AuthorHignight, J., AuthorHill, G. C., Authorman, K. D. Ho, Authormann, R. Ho, AuthorHoinka, T., AuthorHokanson-Fasig, B., AuthorHoshina, K., AuthorHuang, F., AuthorHuber, M., AuthorHultqvist, K., AuthorHünnefeld, M., AuthorHussain, R., AuthorIn, S., AuthorIovine, N., AuthorIshihara, A., AuthorJacobi, E., AuthorJaparidze, G. S., AuthorJeong, M., AuthorJero, K., AuthorJones, B. J. P., AuthorKalaczynski, P., AuthorKang, W., AuthorKappes, A., AuthorKappesser, D., AuthorKarg, T., AuthorKarl, M., AuthorKarle, A., AuthorKatz, U., AuthorKauer, M., AuthorKeivani, A., AuthorKelley, J. L., AuthorKheirandish, A., AuthorKim, J., AuthorKintscher, T., AuthorKiryluk, J., AuthorKittler, T., AuthorKlein, S. R., AuthorKoirala, R., AuthorKolanoski, H., AuthorKöpke, L., AuthorKopper, C., AuthorKopper, S., AuthorKoskinen, D. J., AuthorKowalski, M., AuthorKrings, K., AuthorKrückl, G., AuthorKulacz, N., AuthorKunwar, S., AuthorKurahashi, N., AuthorKyriacou, A., AuthorLabare, M., AuthorLanfranchi, J. L., AuthorLarson, M. J., AuthorLauber, F., AuthorLazar, J. P., AuthorLeonard, K., AuthorLeuermann, M., AuthorLiu, Q. R., AuthorLohfink, E., AuthorMariscal, C. J. Lozano, AuthorLu, L., AuthorLucarelli, F., AuthorLünemann, J., AuthorLuszczak, W., AuthorMadsen, J., AuthorMaggi, G., AuthorMahn, K. B. M., AuthorMakino, Y., AuthorMallot, K., AuthorMancina, S., AuthorMariş, I. C., AuthorMaruyama, R., AuthorMase, K., AuthorMaunu, R., AuthorMeagher, K., AuthorMedici, M., AuthorMedina, A., AuthorMeier, M., AuthorMeighen-Berger, S., AuthorMenne, T., AuthorMerino, G., AuthorMeures, T., AuthorMiarecki, S., AuthorMicallef, J., AuthorMomenté, G., AuthorMontaruli, T., AuthorMoore, R. W., AuthorMoulai, M., AuthorNagai, R., AuthorNahnhauer, R., AuthorNakarmi, P., AuthorNaumann, U., AuthorNeer, G., AuthorNiederhausen, H., AuthorNowicki, S. C., AuthorNygren, D. R., AuthorPollmann, A. Obertacke, AuthorOlivas, A., AuthorO’Murchadha, A., AuthorO’Sullivan, E., AuthorPalczewski, T., AuthorPandya, H., AuthorPankova, D. V., AuthorPark, N., Authorer, P. Pei, Authorde Heros, C. Pérez los, AuthorPieloth, D., AuthorPinat, E., AuthorPizzuto, A., AuthorPlum, M., AuthorPrice, P. B., AuthorPrzybylski, G. T., AuthorRaab, C., AuthorRaissi, A., AuthorRameez, M., AuthorRauch, L., AuthorRawlins, K., AuthorRea, I. C., AuthorReimann, R., AuthorRelethford, B., AuthorRenzi, G., AuthorResconi, E., AuthorRhode, W., AuthorRichman, M., AuthorRobertson, S., AuthorRongen, M., AuthorRott, C., AuthorRuhe, T., AuthorRyckbosch, D., AuthorRysewyk, D., AuthorSafa, I., AuthorHerrera, S. E. Sanchez, AuthorSandrock, A., AuthorSandroos, J., AuthorSantander, M., AuthorSarkar, S., AuthorSarkar, S., AuthorSatalecka, K., AuthorSchaufel, M., AuthorSchlunder, P., AuthorSchmidt, T., AuthorSchneider, A., AuthorSchneider, J., AuthorSchumacher, L., AuthorSclafani, S., AuthorSeckel, D., AuthorSeunarine, S., AuthorSilva, M., AuthorSnihur, R., AuthorSoedingrekso, J., AuthorSoldin, D., AuthorSong, M., AuthorSpiczak, G. M., AuthorSpiering, C., AuthorStachurska, J., AuthorStamatikos, M., AuthorStanev, T., AuthorStasik, A., AuthorStein, R., AuthorStettner, J., AuthorSteuer, A., AuthorStezelberger, T., AuthorStokstad, R. G., AuthorStößl, A., AuthorStrotjohann, N. L., AuthorStuttard, T., AuthorSullivan, G. W., AuthorSutherland, M., AuthorTaboada, I., AuthorTenholt, F., AuthorTer-Antonyan, S., AuthorTerliuk, A., AuthorTilav, S., AuthorTomankova, L., AuthorTönnis, C., AuthorToscano, S., AuthorTosi, D., AuthorTselengidou, M., AuthorTung, C. F., AuthorTurcati, A., AuthorTurcotte, R., AuthorTurley, C. F., AuthorTy, B., AuthorUnger, E., AuthorElorrieta, M. A. Unland, AuthorUsner, M., AuthorVandenbroucke, J., AuthorDriessche, W. Van, Authorvan Eijk, D., Authorvan Eijndhoven, N., AuthorVanheule, S., Authorvan Santen, J., AuthorVraeghe, M., AuthorWalck, C., AuthorWallace, A., AuthorWallra, M., AuthorWandkowsky, N., AuthorWatson, T. B., AuthorWeaver, C., AuthorWeiss, M. J., AuthorWeldert, J., AuthorWendt, C., AuthorWerthebach, J., AuthorWesterho, S., AuthorWhelan, B. J., AuthorWhitehorn, N., AuthorWiebe, K., AuthorWiebusch, C. H., AuthorWille, L., AuthorWilliams, D. R., AuthorWills, L., AuthorWolf, M., AuthorWood, J., AuthorWood, T. R., AuthorWoschnagg, K., AuthorWrede, G., AuthorXu, D. L., AuthorXu, X. W., AuthorXu, Y., AuthorYanez, J. P., AuthorYodh, G., AuthorYoshida, S., AuthorYuan, T., AuthorNordin, J., Author more..

Affiliations:
1High Energy Astrophysics, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society, ou_159890

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Abstract: In order to identify the sources of the observed diffuse high-energy neutrino flux, it is crucial to discover their electromagnetic counterparts. To increase the sensitivity of detecting counterparts of transient or variable sources by telescopes with a limited field of view, IceCube began releasing alerts for single high-energy (E_ν > 60 TeV) neutrino detections with sky localisation regions of order 1° radius in 2016. We used Pan-STARRS1 to follow-up five of these alerts during 2016–2017 to search for any optical transients that may be related to the neutrinos. Typically 10–20 faint (m_iP1 ≲ 22.5 mag) extragalactic transients are found within the Pan-STARRS1 footprints and are generally consistent with being unrelated field supernovae (SNe) and AGN. We looked for unusual properties of the detected transients, such as temporal coincidence of explosion epoch with the IceCube timestamp, or other peculiar light curve and physical properties. We found only one transient that had properties worthy of a specific follow-up. In the Pan-STARRS1 imaging for IceCube-160427A (probability to be of astrophysical origin of ∼50%), we found a SN PS16cgx, located at 10.0′ from the nominal IceCube direction. Spectroscopic observations of PS16cgx showed that it was an H-poor SN at redshift z = 0.2895 ± 0.0001. The spectra and light curve resemble some high-energy Type Ic SNe, raising the possibility of a jet driven SN with an explosion epoch temporally coincident with the neutrino detection. However, distinguishing Type Ia and Type Ic SNe at this redshift is notoriously difficult. Based on all available data we conclude that the transient is more likely to be a Type Ia with relatively weak Si II absorption and a fairly normal rest-frame r-band light curve. If, as predicted, there is no high-energy neutrino emission from Type Ia SNe, then PS16cgx must be a random coincidence, and unrelated to the IceCube-160427A. We find no other plausible optical transient for any of the five IceCube events observed down to a 5σ limiting magnitude of m_iP1 ≈ 22 mag, between 1 day and 25 days after detection.

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Dates: Published Online: 2019-06-24

Publication Status: Published online

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Identifiers: DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201935171
Other: LOCALID: 3156253

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Title: Astronomy and Astrophysics

Other : Astron. Astrophys.

Source Genre: Journal

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Publ. Info: France : EDP Sciences S A

Pages: - Volume / Issue: 626 Sequence Number: A117 Start / End Page: - Identifier: ISSN: 1432-0746
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954922828219_1