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  Human and climate global-scale imprint on sediment transfer during the Holocene

Jenny, J.-P., Koirala, S., Gregory-Eaves, I., Francus, P., Niemann, C., Ahrens, B., et al. (2019). Human and climate global-scale imprint on sediment transfer during the Holocene. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 116, 22972-22976. doi:10.1073/pnas.1908179116.

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 Creators:
Jenny, J.-P.1, Author
Koirala, Sujan1, Author
Gregory-Eaves, Irene, Author
Francus, Pierre, Author
Niemann, Christoph, Author
Ahrens, B.1, Author
Brovkin, Victor2, Author                 
Baud, Alexandre, Author
Ojala, Antti E. K., Author
Normandeau, Alexandre, Author
Zolitschka, Bernd, Author
Carvalhais, Nuno1, Author
Affiliations:
1Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Max Planck Society, Hans-Knöll-Str. 10, 07745 Jena, DE, ou_1497750              
2Climate-Biogeosphere Interaction, The Land in the Earth System, MPI for Meteorology, Max Planck Society, ou_913566              

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 Abstract: Accelerated soil erosion has become a pervasive feature on landscapes around the world and is recognized to have substantial implications for land productivity, downstream water quality, and biogeochemical cycles. However, the scarcity of global syntheses that consider long-term processes has limited our understanding of the timing, the amplitude, and the extent of soil erosion over millennial time scales. As such, we lack the ability to make predictions about the responses of soil erosion to long-term climate and land cover changes. Here, we reconstruct sedimentation rates for 632 lakes based on chronologies constrained by 3,980 calibrated 14C ages to assess the relative changes in lake-watershed erosion rates over the last 12,000 y. Estimated soil erosion dynamics were then complemented with land cover reconstructions inferred from 43,669 pollen samples and with climate time series from the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model. Our results show that a significant portion of the Earth surface shifted to human-driven soil erosion rate already 4,000 y ago. In particular, inferred soil erosion rates increased in 35% of the watersheds, and most of these sites showed a decrease in the proportion of arboreal pollen, which would be expected with land clearance. Further analysis revealed that land cover change was the main driver of inferred soil erosion in 70% of all studied watersheds. This study suggests that soil erosion has been altering terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems for millennia, leading to carbon (C) losses that could have ultimately induced feedbacks on the climate system.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2019-09-282019-10-282019-11-12
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1908179116
 Degree: -

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Title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
  Other : Proc. Acad. Sci. USA
  Abbreviation : PNAS
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: Washington, D.C. : National Academy of Sciences
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 116 Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 22972 - 22976 Identifier: ISSN: 0027-8424
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925427230