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  Immediate brain plasticity after one hour of brain-computer interface (BCI)

Nierhaus, T., Vidaurre, C., Sannelli, C., Mueller, K.-R., & Villringer, A. (2021). Immediate brain plasticity after one hour of brain-computer interface (BCI). The Journal of Physiology, 599(9), 2435-2451. doi:10.1113/JP278118.

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Item Permalink: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0005-3FED-B Version Permalink: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000D-1610-8
Genre: Journal Article

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 Creators:
Nierhaus, Till1, 2, Author           
Vidaurre, Carmen3, 4, Author
Sannelli, Claudia3, Author
Mueller, Klaus-Robert3, 5, 6, Author
Villringer, Arno1, 7, Author           
Affiliations:
1Department Neurology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society, ou_634549              
2Neurocomputation and Neuroimaging Unit, FU Berrlin, Germany, ou_persistent22              
3Department of Machine Learning, TU Berlin, Germany, ou_persistent22              
4Statistics, Informatics and Mathematics Department, Public University of Navarre, Spain, ou_persistent22              
5Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, ou_persistent22              
6Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbrücken, Germany, ou_persistent22              
7MindBrainBody Institute, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt University Berlin, Germany, ou_persistent22              

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Free keywords: Brain computer interface (BCI); Brain plasticity; EEG; fMRI; Functional connectivity; Machine learning
 Abstract: A brain‐computer‐interface (BCI) allows humans to control computational devices using only neural signals. However, it is still an open question, whether performing BCI also impacts on the brain itself, i.e. whether brain plasticity is induced. Here, we show rapid and spatially specific signs of brain plasticity measured with functional and structural MRI after only 1 h of purely mental BCI training in BCI‐naive subjects. We employed two BCI approaches with neurofeedback based on (i) modulations of EEG rhythms by motor imagery (MI‐BCI) or (ii) event‐related potentials elicited by visually targeting flashing letters (ERP‐BCI). Before and after the BCI session we performed structural and functional MRI. For both BCI approaches we found increased T1‐weighted MR signal in the grey matter of the respective target brain regions, such as occipital/parietal areas after ERP‐BCI and precuneus and sensorimotor regions after MI‐BCI. The latter also showed increased functional connectivity and higher task‐evoked BOLD activity in the same areas. Our results demonstrate for the first time that BCI by means of targeted neurofeedback rapidly impacts on MRI measures of brain structure and function. The spatial specificity of BCI‐induced brain plasticity promises therapeutic interventions tailored to individual functional deficits, for example in patients after stroke.

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Language(s): eng - English
 Dates: 2019-04-182019-09-302019-11-062021-05-01
 Publication Status: Issued
 Pages: -
 Publishing info: -
 Table of Contents: -
 Rev. Type: Peer
 Identifiers: DOI: 10.1113/JP278118
Other: Epub 2019
PMID: 31696938
 Degree: -

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Project name : -
Grant ID : 01IS14013A
Funding program : -
Funding organization : German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF)
Project name : -
Grant ID : 01IS18037I
Funding program : -
Funding organization : Berlin Center for Machine Learning (BZML)
Project name : -
Grant ID : 2017‐0‐00451
Funding program : Information & Communications Technology Planning & Evaluation (IITP) Grant
Funding organization : Korea Government
Project name : MATH+: Berlin Mathematics Research Center / EXC 2046
Grant ID : -
Funding program : -
Funding organization : Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
Project name : Autonomes Lernen / SPP 1527
Grant ID : MU 987/14‐1
Funding program : -
Funding organization : Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
Project name : -
Grant ID : RYC‐2014‐15671
Funding program : -
Funding organization : MINECO

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Title: The Journal of Physiology
Source Genre: Journal
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Publ. Info: London : Cambridge University Press
Pages: - Volume / Issue: 599 (9) Sequence Number: - Start / End Page: 2435 - 2451 Identifier: ISSN: 0022-3751
CoNE: https://pure.mpg.de/cone/journals/resource/954925334693_2